Mongolian Folk Song (Erdos short tune folk song)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Mongolian folk songs (Erdos short tune folk songs)

Applicant: Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Project No.: 604

Project No.: Ⅱ - 105

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Type: new item

Applicant: Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Protection unit: Erdos Mass Art Museum

Introduction to Mongolian folk songs (Erdos short tune folk songs)

Applicant: Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Mongolian folk songs are rich in content, free in rhythm, delicate in emotion, high pitched in tune, melodious and tactful, and deep in aftertaste. It can be divided into long tune folk songs and short tune folk songs. The long tune folk songs are generally sung in Mongolian, with wide space, long breath and deep emotion. The use of vibrato is exquisite and unique, and the melody and singing style reflect the vast and rough characteristics of grassland folk songs. The short tune folk songs are mainly popular in the semi farming and semi pastoral areas where the Mongolian and Chinese live together, and are mostly sung in Chinese, with short space, neat rhythm and beat Fixed, like to use reduplication, simple lyrics, free and flexible.

Ordos short tune folk songs are popular in Ordos City, southwest of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, whose style can be traced back to the Yuan Dynasty. Different from long tune folk songs, short tune folk songs have short structure, neat syntax, bright rhythm, lively mood, distinct music image, beautiful melody and strong dancing. Most of the melodies are composed of pentatonic scales, and there are also some works with four scales left behind by the hidden "Shang" tone, such as xieburen Lama, Yinshan, etc.; there are many songs with six scales, such as senjidema, Shantou, Xizhao, etc.; in addition, there are songs with seven scales, such as Bayin Hanggai, etc. In the songs composed of six tone scale and seven tone scale, "4" and "7" are mostly in the form of passing tone between melodies.

The mode of Erdos folk music is mainly Yu mode, which is unique to Mongolian music, with other modes, especially Gong and Zheng modes. The songs of Gong mode include "golden lark", "Chang'e", etc.; the songs of Shang mode include "lookout", "wudagole", etc.; the songs of Jiao mode include "xuhaitan", "hadiwindur", etc.; the songs of Zheng mode include "Bayin Hanggai", "my rich brother", etc. In addition, Ordos Mongolian music also adds the introduction and passing of the seventh mode to the traditional folk songs of the fifth mode, which is unique. Erdos short tune folk songs use rhymed two sentence or four sentence patterns, and the beat is relatively fixed. Most of them are improvised singing, accompanied by Sihu, Yangqin, dizi, Sanxian, Zheng, Matouqin and other musical instruments. The lyrics are simple but not inflexible, and reduplication is widely used in rhyme.

Erdos short tune folk songs record the social history, politics, economy, culture and other aspects of the Mongolian in Erdos Area, which reflects the national spirit and ideology of Erdos people, and provides vivid first-hand materials for the research of ethnology, art and other disciplines. At present, with the rapid development of society, great changes have taken place in the original ecological singing of Mongolian folk songs, and the number of representative inheritors is decreasing. In this situation, Ordos short tune folk songs are also in a dilemma of development, on the verge of decline, and need to take protective measures.