Gongs and drums Art (Zhongzhou Dagu)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: gongs and drums (Zhongzhou Dagu)

Applicant: Xinxiang County, Henan Province

Project No.: 622

Project No.: Ⅱ - 123

Time of publication: 2011 (the third batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Henan Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Xinxiang County, Henan Province

Protection unit: Xinxiang County Cultural Center

Introduction to gongs and drums (Zhongzhou Dagu)

Applicant: Xinxiang County, Henan Province

Zhongzhou Dagu was formed in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty (1606). It has a history of more than 400 years. It is a unique folk art form combining drum, cymbal and cymbal in Northern Henan.

According to the Tianxian Temple stele in Zhaodi village, Langgongmiao Town, Xinxiang County, during the Wanli period (1606), in order to resist bandits and resist pirates, villagers donated money to set up several drums to boost morale. During the reign of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1850), Zhang Wanmian, a villager, added cymbals, gongs and bronzes, and organized three drum teams: tiandihui, tianyehui and huoshenhui. In the early years of the Republic of China, Zhongzhou drum was developed again. Villagers Zhang Zaifu adapted traditional music, added tiger head brand dragon flag, lanterns and other equipment, and used the art of encouragement in sacrifice and festivals.

Zhongzhou drum is typical and representative in drum art performance. First, the drum is big. The drum is 3.5 feet in diameter and weighs more than 50 Jin. The drum is the largest among the drums that people carry on their back and shoulders. It has primitive beauty and great momentum. There is a tension spring in the drum, and the metal sound after beating is very pleasant. Second, Pu Du. There are two kinds of drum music: Big Thunder cannon and small thunder cannon. The drum tune of "Dahu leipao" is heavy and steady, slow and complex; the drum tune of "Xiaohu leipao" is cheerful and smooth, giving people a feeling of passion and upward. The music structure of the whole spectrum is repetitive and progressive, and NAO and drum have a unique artistic conception of dialogue. Third, wute. The cymbal moves when it hears the drum. It completely steps on the drum and quickly changes various dance movements and shapes. On the basis of traditional drum dance, giant drum dance and air drum dance are added, with strong visual impact, spatial and three-dimensional sense, and heavy drum dance.

Zhongzhou Dagu has rough style, magnificent momentum, changeable formation and rich regional characteristics. With its unique "combination of sound and form" performance form and lively rhythm, it reflects the unique cognition and feeling of the Central Plains farmers to the society, and shows their passionate, bold and bold mental state. With the development of the times and the evolution of rural urbanization and urban assimilation, the protection of Zhongzhou Dagu is more difficult and the task is more arduous. The inheritance of its skills is facing the dilemma of lack of successors.