Hebei Bangzi

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Hebei Bangzi

Applicant: Hebei Province

Item No.: 166

Project No.: Ⅳ - 22

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Hebei Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Hebei Province

Protection unit: Hebei Bangzi theater Performing Arts Co., Ltd

Hebei Bangzi

Applicant: Hebei Province

Hebei Bangzi, also known as Beijing Bangzi, Zhili Bangzi, Wei Bangzi and Qin opera, is the most representative local opera in Hebei Province. In the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the combination of Shaanxi opera and Shanxi Bangzi with Hebei dialect and folk music came into being in Daoguang period. In the heyday of Hebei Bangzi, it was popular in Ulaanbaatar of the people's Republic of Mongolia in the north to the present, Guangzhou in the south, Vladivostok in Russia in the east to the present, and Xinjiang in the West. Later, its influence scope narrowed. At present, it is mainly popular in Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong and parts of Northeast China.

There are more than 500 traditional operas of Hebei Bangzi, among which baoliandeng, qinxianglian, jinshuiqiao, dushiniang, butterfly cup, Dou'e yuan, jiaozi, Duanqiao, sanshangjiao, xironggui, dajinzhi, xungguanniang, Nanbei he and suwu Yangmu have great influence. Hebei Bangzi's tune belongs to the type changing style, including adagio, Erliu, Liushui, Jianban, kuiban, Fandiao and various leading and tail tunes. The main accompaniment instruments include Banhu, flute, Bangzi, Sheng, etc. During the singing, Bangzi is used to strike the festival, and the tone is in the high pitched excitement, showing the euphemistic and sad melody, which is good at expressing the generous and solemn mood. The accompaniment instruments include Wenchang and Wuchang. Wenchang instruments include Banhu, dizi, Sanxian, suona, Haidi, etc. Wuchang instruments include drum, board, gongs and gongs. The roles of Hebei Bangzi include Xusheng, Xiaosheng, wusheng, Qingyi, Huadan, laodan, Dajing, Erjing, Wenchou, wuchou, etc. Hebei Bangzi's performance style is rough and hot, open-minded, actors use program action is more exaggerated, and often add high difficulty stunt performance.

The unique art has a great influence on Peking Opera, Pingju and other operas, and has a high value of drama culture. After the 1930s, Hebei Bangzi declined sharply and was on the verge of extinction. It was not until after the founding of the people's Republic that it regained its vitality. However, in the late 1980s, under the continuous impact of various modern art forms, the survival of Hebei Bangzi was in crisis again, the performance market was shrinking, and the brain drain was serious, which urgently needed to be rescued and protected.