a style of story telling to the accompaniment of a drum and two semicircular pieces of metal

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Shandong Dagu

Applicant: Shandong Province

Project No.: 240

Project No.: V - 4

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Shandong Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Shandong Province

Protected by: Shandong Academy of Art

Shandong Dagu

Applicant: Shandong Province

Shandong Dagu is the earliest extant quyi Gushu and Guqu form in northern China. It is said that it was formed in the late Ming Dynasty and has a history of more than 350 years. It originated in rural areas in Northwest Shandong, also known as "ploughshare drum", or "pear flower drum". At first, it was only accompanied by striking plowshare pieces, and it used Shandong dialect to sing local folk tunes. Later, it gradually developed into a complete set of aria with plate changes, a percussion drum with short feet, a special half moon shaped pear blossom piece, and a rap performance form with three string accompaniment.

Before the end of the Qing Dynasty, Shandong Dagu had been active in rural areas, with famous artists including Guo laozhan, he laofeng, fan Qifeng, Li laofeng, etc. after that, Bai Niu (Wang Xiaoyu) and Heiniu entered the city to sing, and a large number of female artists increased. The famous ones are the upper part, the lower part, Gaishan, Caixin and Guo Dani. After the 1930s, the so-called "four jades" in the world of famous music were Xie Dayu, Li Dayu, Zhao Dayu and sun Dayu. After that, Du Dagui, Ji Suying and Lu Qiaoling emerged one after another. The spreading area of Shandong Dagu spread from urban and rural areas to Xuzhou, Nanjing, Shanghai, Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Hankou and Chongqing, and to Beijing, Tianjin and Northeast China.

There are many traditional Dagu programs in Shandong Province, such as Sanquan Town, Jinsuo Town, Damao Mengzhou, Da Songjia, fan Mengting pushcart and so on. There are many short passages, among which there are more than 60 passages on the theme of the Three Kingdoms, such as donglingguan, Changbanpo, Hebei xunjiao, etc There are more than ten passages in Dai Yu's funeral of flowers and Baoyu's visit to the doctor, and the singing passages in Shui Hu include Li Kui's capture of fish and Yanqing's challenge. In addition, there are some aria based on opera stories and folklore stories, as well as aria transplanted from Zidishu, with a total of more than 200 sections. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, many new programs have been produced.

Shandong Dagu has a long history, unique music, rich programs and rich local color. It directly promoted the formation of Shandong kuaishu, and had a significant impact on the formation and development of "Qiao school" Henan Zhuizi and Xihe Dagu. It has a high historical and cultural value. Since the late 20th century, Shandong drum gradually declined, and now only a small number of actors can perform, so it is urgent to support and protect.