Panjin City, Liaoning Province

Panjin is a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Liaoning Province, located in the central and southern part of Liaoning Province, is located in the center of the Liaohe River Delta, is the Liaohe River Estuary city; terrain and geomorphology characteristics is high in the north and low in the south, gradually tilted from north to South; located in the north temperate zone, is a warm temperate continental semi humid season climate; jurisdiction of a county, three districts; by the end of 2019, the city's permanent population of 1440000 people, a total area of 4102.9 square meters Km.

Panjin is an important petroleum and petrochemical industrial base in China, and one of the important central cities in Liaoning coastal economic belt. Panjin is a "Petrochemical new city", built on the edge of oil and prospering because of oil; the Red Beach Scenic Spot, which is mainly based on the Red Beach National Scenic corridor, is a national 5A scenic spot and an excellent scenic spot in Liaoning Province. Tianzhuangtai, an ancient town, was the battlefield of the last battle between China and Japan in the Sino Japanese War of 1894-1895, and became the base of patriotism education. Dongfeng Town in Dawa County is the ancestral home of Zhang zuolin and general Zhang Xueliang.

In 2018, the GDP of Panjin City was 121.66 billion yuan, an increase of 5.9%; the general public budget revenue was 13.57 billion yuan, an increase of 14.2%; the added value of industries above designated size was 59.53 billion yuan, an increase of 11.8%; the per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents was 39111 yuan and 17136 yuan, an increase of 7.2% and 7.5% respectively. Panjin is a pilot city of "no waste city" construction.

Historical evolution

In 195 B.C., Fangxian County was set up in the Han Dynasty and abolished in the Western Jin Dynasty.

During the northern and Southern Dynasties, Yingzhou was occupied by Gaogouli.

After calming down Gaogouli in Tang Dynasty, he returned to Xiande mansion of Bohai State.

In Liao Dynasty, the whole territory belonged to Fengxian army of Xianzhou.

In the Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the whole territory belonged to Guangning Prefecture, Lu, Wei and Xian respectively.

After the founding of the Qing Dynasty, the official horse farm was set up in the northern part of the territory, and then the governor yamen was set up in panshe post. In 1644, Haicheng county was established in the first year of Shunzhi reign of Qing Dynasty, and the southern part of the territory was under the jurisdiction of Haicheng county. In 1808, Xinmin hall was set up in the 13th year of Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty. Now part of Northeast China is under the jurisdiction of Xinmin hall. In the 29th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1903), the pasture was surveyed and divided into five sections: Gong, Kuan, Xin, min and Hui. In 1906, Panshan hall was set up in the territory.

In 1913, Panshan county was established. On January 9, 1948, the democratic government of Panshan county was established, under the jurisdiction of the fifth and second special regions of Liaoning Province. In August, Panshan county was under the direct leadership of Liaoning Province. In April 1949, Panshan county was subordinate to western Liaoning Province. In the same year, Panshan farm was established in Dawa County, under the Ministry of agriculture and forestry of northeast administrative committee.

In 1950, Panshan farm was changed into the first paddy field farm in western Liaoning Province.

In February 1953, Panshan No.1 paddy field farm was changed into Panshan machinery farm.

In 1955, it was changed into Panjin state farm Administration Bureau of Liaoning Province.

In February 1956, Panshan county was under the leadership of Liaoyang Special Administration. In November, the Management Bureau of Panjin state farms was changed into Panjin Agricultural Reclamation Bureau, directly under the Ministry of agricultural reclamation.

In April 1961, Panjin District People's Committee was set up in the area under the jurisdiction of Panjin Agricultural Reclamation Bureau, under the leadership of Yingkou City.

In April 1962, the reed field on the East Bank of the Daliaohe River was assigned to Yingkou county and Haicheng county.

In January 1966, Panshan county and Panjin Agricultural Reclamation Bureau were merged into Panjin reclamation area, which was directly under Liaoning Province.

In January 1970, Panjin reclamation area was divided into Panshan district and Dawa district (county level). On July 15, Panjin reclamation area was changed into Panjin area, which governs Panshan and Dawa areas and directly belongs to Liaoning Province.

In November 1975, Panjin District merged with Yingkou City. Panshan district and Dawa district under the jurisdiction of the original region were changed into Panshan county and Dawa County, all under the jurisdiction of Yingkou City. At the same time, Taian County was put under the jurisdiction of Anshan City.

In 1978, the former Hebei Street of Yingkou City was separated from Liaobin Weichang and put under the jurisdiction of the West urban area of Yingkou City.

On June 5, 1984, with the approval of the State Council, Panshan county was abolished and Panjin City (prefecture level) was established, directly under Liaoning Province. In September, Panjin Preparatory Leading Group was established.

In March 1985, Shishan breeding stock farm was assigned to Panjin City.

In November 1986, the suburb of Panjin City was abolished and Panshan county was restored. The former administrative region of the suburb of Panjin City was taken as the administrative region of Panshan county. Panshan District of Panjin City was renamed Shuangtaizi District.

In March 2016, the State Council agreed to abolish Dawa County and establish Dawa District of Panjin City. The former administrative region of Dawa County is the administrative region of Dawa District, and the people's Government of Dawa district is located at 66 Red Beach Street, Dawa town.

administrative division

As of April 2019, Panjin City has jurisdiction over 1 county and 3 districts, namely, Panshan County, Shuangtaizi District, Xinglongtai District and Dawa district. There are 21 towns, 35 streets, 292 villages and 237 communities. Panshan County governs 3 streets and 9 towns, with a total of 18 communities and 148 villages; Shuangtaizi District governs 6 streets and 2 towns, with a total of 32 communities and 18 villages; Xinglongtai District governs 18 streets, with a total of 106 communities and 19 villages; Dawa District governs 8 streets and 10 towns, with a total of 81 communities and 107 villages. Panjin Municipal People's government is located in Binhai Avenue, Dawa district.

geographical environment

Location context

It is located in the southwest of Liaoning Province and the center of Liaohe Delta. Its geographical coordinates are between 121 ° 25 'e to 122 ° 31' e and 40 ° 39 'n to 41 ° 27' n. It is adjacent to Anshan City in the East and northeast, Yingkou City across the Daliao River in the southeast, Jinzhou City in the West and northwest, and Liaodong Bay in the Bohai Sea in the south. It is located in the important area of Bohai economic circle and Northeast Asian economic circle. It is an important node connecting the three economic plates of southern Liaoning, western Liaoning and central Liaoning, and the only node of the three channels of "Liaohai Europe", "liaomeng Europe" and "liaoman Europe". After the opening of Beijing Shenyang passenger dedicated line in 2020, Panjin will become an important radiation area of "2-hour economic circle" of Beijing Tianjin Hebei coordinated development strategy.

Land area

The total land area of the city is 4102.9 square kilometers. According to land use, it includes 2179.5 square kilometers of agricultural land, 716.7 square kilometers of construction land and 1206.7 square kilometers of unused land. Among the agricultural land, the cultivated land area is 1570.2 square kilometers, and the permanent basic farmland area is 1127.8 square kilometers. According to the ownership, it includes 3635.2 square kilometers of state-owned land and 467.8 square kilometers of collective land. The sea area is 1425 square kilometers, the coastline is 107 kilometers long, and the beach area is 392 square kilometers.

topographic features

Panjin is a Cenozoic sedimentary basin formed in the northeast of North China platform from the "Yanshan movement". After a long history of fluvial alluvial, proluvial, marine and aeolian processes, it is continuously covered with deep Quaternary loose sediments. The terrain and geomorphology features are high in the north and low in the south, gradually inclining from north to south, with a gradient of 1 / 10000, and a slope of less than 2 degrees; the average elevation of the ground is about 4 meters, with a maximum of 18.2 meters and a minimum of 0.3 meters; the ground is flat, with plenty of water and no mountains.

River system

Panjin is known as "the bottom of the nine rivers". There are 21 large, medium and small natural rivers with a total length of 634 km and a total drainage area of 3570 square kilometers. Among them, there are 4 large rivers, including Liaohe River, Daliao River, Raoyang River and Daling River; 17 small and medium rivers, including Jinpan River, Xisha River, Yueya River, Xinkai River, Taiping River and Yitong River. At present, there are 7 small and medium-sized plain reservoirs, including 6 medium-sized reservoirs and 1 small-sized reservoir, with a total reservoir capacity of 151 million cubic meters and a profit making reservoir capacity of 102 million cubic meters. The city's total water resources reached 336 million cubic meters, including 243 million cubic meters of surface water and 93 million cubic meters of groundwater.

climate

Panjin is located in the north temperate zone, a warm temperate continental semi humid monsoon climate. The main features of the climate are: four distinct seasons, hot and rainy seasons, dry and cold seasons, suitable temperature and abundant light. In spring, there is less wind and heavy rain, and the climate is dry. In summer, it is hot and rainy. In autumn, it is clear and cool. In winter, it is cold and snowy. In 2019, the city's average temperature will be 10.9 ℃, and the total precipitation will be 748.2mm.

natural resources

mineral resources

The underground is rich in oil, natural gas, well salt and other mineral resources. Since the exploration and development in the early 1960s, Liaohe Oilfield has proved 2.24 billion tons of oil reserves and 213.3 billion cubic meters of natural gas. A total of 42 oil fields have been discovered and 39 oil and gas fields have been put into development. In 2019, it will produce 10.07 million tons of crude oil and 630 million cubic meters of natural gas, maintaining a stable output of 10 million tons for 34 consecutive years. The distribution area of natural brine resources is 150 square kilometers, and the general burial depth is 30-100 meters. The total reserves of natural brine with salinity of 30-60 g / L are about 1.329 billion cubic meters.

Wetland ecology

Wetland resources are very rich. In addition to paddy fields, all kinds of wetlands in the city cover an area of 2496 square kilometers, including 2165 square kilometers of natural wetlands and 331 square kilometers of constructed wetlands; the wetland protection area is 1240 square kilometers, accounting for 57.4% of natural wetlands; there are 1 national and Provincial Nature Reserve, 2 National Wetland Park pilot, 1 provincial important wetland and 3 provincial wetland parks; Liaoning liaohekou National Nature Reserve, covering an area of 800 square kilometers, was listed in the list of international important wetlands in 2004. There are 450 kinds of wild animals in the vast wetland. It is an important stop for the Red Crowned Crane to migrate from north to south, the breeding ground for the largest population of black Headed Gull in the world, and an important breeding ground for spotted seal.

plant resources

Panjin region belongs to warm temperate semi humid monsoon climate zone, plant division belongs to North China