Mongolian Long Tune folk songs

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Mongolian Changdiao folk songs

Applicant: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Item No.: 34

Project No.: Ⅱ - 3

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Type: new item

Applicant: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Protected by: Art Institute of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Art archives of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region)

Introduction to Mongolian Long Tune folk songs:

Applicant: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Changdiao is a free translation of "uritingduo" in Mongolian. "Wu RI Ting" means "long-term", "eternal", and "Duo" means "song". In the relevant works and papers, it is also translated into "Changge", "Changdiao Ge" or "grassland Pastoral" and so on.

According to the historical origin of Mongolian music culture and the current situation of music form, long tune can be defined as a kind of folk song created by nomadic people in the northern grassland in the production of animal husbandry, and sung in the field grazing and traditional festivals. The melody of long tune is long and soothing, the artistic conception is broad, the sound is many, the words are few, the breath is long, the melody is very decorative (such as front leaning sound, back leaning sound, glide sound, echo sound, etc.), especially the colorful singing method formed by the singing way of "nogura" (Mongolian phonetic translation, inflection sound or decorative sound) is the most characteristic.

As early as more than one thousand years ago, the ancestors of the Mongolian people moved out of the mountains and forests on both sides of the Erguna River to the Mongolian Plateau, and the mode of production also changed from hunting to animal husbandry. In quite a long period of history, it gradually replaced the hunting songs with square structure and occupied the dominant position of Mongolian folk songs. Finally, it formed the typical style of Mongolian music and had a profound impact on other forms of Mongolian music. It can be said that Changdiao embodies the characteristics and characteristics of Mongolian nomadic culture, and is closely linked with Mongolian language, literature, history, religion, psychology, world outlook, ecological outlook, outlook on life, customs and habits, and runs through the whole history and social life of the Mongolian nation. The basic themes of long tune include pastoral songs, homesickness songs, hymns, wedding songs and banquet songs (also known as wine songs).

The theme of long tune folk songs is closely related to Mongolian social life. It is a song that must be sung in all Mongolian festivals, wedding banquets, gathering of relatives and friends, "Nadam" and other activities. It fully reflects the spiritual history and cultural taste of the Mongolian people. The representative repertoire includes zouma, xiaohuangma, vast grassland, vast and rich Alxa, etc. The research of Changdiao folk songs involves many branches of musicology. In fact, the research and protection of Changdiao folk songs is the most powerful inheritance and protection of grassland civilization and grassland culture with a long history.