GUI Opera

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Gui Opera

Applicant: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Item No.: 181

Project No.: Ⅳ - 37

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Type: new item

Applicant: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Protected by: Guangxi Opera Theater

Introduction to Gui Opera:

Applicant: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

GUI opera is the main local opera in Guangxi. It is popular in Guilin, Liuzhou, Hezhou, Hechi and some Mandarin areas of Wuzhou. It affects southern Hunan and northwest Guangdong. GUI opera has a long history, which started in the middle of Ming Dynasty. Kunqiang spread to Guangxi in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, and then Gaoqiang and Yiyang tune were introduced into Guangxi one after another.

GUI opera is rich in repertoire, which has the saying of "eight hundred miscellaneous repertoires", among which the representative repertoire are Da Jinzhi, Shaohuo Xiashan, duanqihui, grabbing umbrella, Mu Guiying, naoyanfu, hefengskirt, Li Kui grabbing fish, Naigang in Sishui, paifengyancuan, Liu qingti and steal armour. GUI opera draws on the voice and performing arts of Qi opera, Beijing Opera and Kunqu Opera. It pays equal attention to singing, doing, reading and dancing. It is famous for its exquisite singing and vivid workmanship. Its tune music belongs to banqiang, mainly playing tune, singing high tune, Kun tune, blowing tune and miscellaneous tune. The north road is high and majestic, the South Road is euphemistic and low, and its anti tone forms "Yinpi" and "Beigong" have their own system. Guilin opera is sung in Guilin dialect with beautiful tone and graceful cadence. The former uses Erxian, Yueqin, Sanxian, huqin, Qudi, Bangdi, suona, Jina, etc., while the latter uses crisp drum, war drum, hall drum, small hall drum, board, big gong, big cymbal, small Gong, small cymbal, Yunluo, Xingzi, Lingling, etc.

The roles of GUI opera can be divided into four categories: Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou. Shengxing is divided into Sheng, Mo, Wai, Xiao and Wu. Danxing is divided into Dan, Zhan, tie and Fu. Jingxing is divided into Jing, Fujing and Mojing. Ugliness is only divided into clown and clown. There are also some running dragon set of characters collectively referred to as "miscellaneous.". There is no Yaodan specialty in Gui opera, and Yaodan's role is often performed by actors from Fujing, Chou and Fu, who are humorous. With the prosperity of the "three minor operas" in the late Qing Dynasty, the Danxing of Guiju opera was gradually subdivided into Zhengdan, Guimen Dan, vest Dan and so on. GUI opera focuses on craftsmanship, often singing in martial arts. Its performance is simple and delicate, euphemistic and moving. It focuses on portraying characters with artistic techniques full of life.

Rooted in the folk, Guangxi opera combines the unique local customs and humanistic characteristics of Guangxi, and gradually forms a delicate and graceful, smart and vivid style, a combination of hardness and softness, a rich local flavor and a simple beauty close to life. Due to various reasons, at present, GUI opera has fallen into a critical situation, with the loss of tradition, the loss of talents, the loss of repertoire and skills, and the difficulty of folk performance. In this process, the original artistic characteristics of GUI opera are weakening day by day. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to explore, rescue and protect GUI opera in time, so as to revitalize this ancient opera which is on the verge of extinction.