Nuo opera (Pan Gong opera in De'an)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Nuo opera (Pan Gong opera in De'an)

Applicant: De'an County, Jiangxi Province

Project No.: 233

Project No.: Ⅳ - 89

Time of publication: 2011 (the third batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Jiangxi Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: De'an County, Jiangxi Province

Protected by: cultural center of De'an County, Jiangxi Province

Introduction to Nuo opera (Pan Gong opera in De'an)

Applicant: De'an County, Jiangxi Province

In the period of Qiande (968) of the Northern Song Dynasty, Pan's three brothers, who were officials from Kaifeng Prefecture of Bianliang in Kyoto to Jiangzhou, brought the song and dance Zaju Huapeng opera of De'an in the capital GouLan tile house. This kind of song and dance drama is also called "Pan Taigong opera of gongs and drums" or "Pan Taigong's spring outing".

Every year, 12 villages of GUI, Hu, Li and Tao families in Wushan township of De'an County hold flower shed meetings from the first to the fifteenth day of the first month of the first lunar month. During the day, they visit spring, offer sacrifices, and at night, they perform dramas and get together. In the evening, the whole performance takes about two hours, with nine performances, mainly including two kinds of performances: the puppet with stick head on the shed and the mask in front of the shed.

During the performance, a blue cloth tent (locally known as "flower shed") was first pulled up in the ancestral hall as the performance area. First, the performers read a recitation, and then perform the program with the accompaniment of gongs, drums and flutes. In the puppet show on the shed, one or two actors hold the puppet with their left hands, and their right hands hold the two arms of the puppet, swinging left and right in the cloth tent, dancing. The puppet performance under the shed is performed by the actors wearing masks, going in and out of the tent with the plot, or dancing swords, or stepping on stilts, or dancing, but they don't open their mouths. The singing and recitation are all performed by an off-site agent called "join the army".

Pan Gong opera in De'an preserves the music of Tang Dynasty. Zaju and puppet singing and dancing in market in Song Dynasty are the remains of meat puppets in Song Dynasty. It has a complete literary script, primitive form of performance, precious puppet shape and simple drama mask, which has important cultural value for understanding the drama style of song and Jin Dynasties and the historical evolution of Chinese opera.