Tibetan zhamunie playing and singing

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Tibetan zhamunie singing and playing

Applicant: Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Project No.: 630

Project No.: Ⅱ - 131

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Qinghai Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Protected by: Hainan Cultural Center

Introduction to Tibetan zhamunie playing and singing

Applicant: Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

The playing and singing of zhamunie is the most influential art in Qinghai Tibetan area. It is mainly popular in Gonghe, Tongde, Xinghai, Guinan and guide counties of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province.

Zhamunie is a Tibetan language, which means "pleasant sound of Qin". It has been popular among the Tibetan people for a long time and has a history of more than 1000 years. The Tibetan zhamunies include four stringed Qin, sixteen stringed Qin, twenty stringed Qin and six stringed Qin, among which the six stringed Qin is the most common. The basic playing method is to hold the piano with the left hand and press the strings, and pluck the strings with the right hand to play pronunciation.

Zhamunie, a Tibetan nationality in Hainan, not only retains the elements of local Tibetan folk music, but also absorbs the melody of rap and dance music, presenting a beautiful and moving style. Its content can be divided into two categories, one is the epic King Gesar's rap; the other is impromptu rap, including poetry praise and music rap. The content of zhamunie's playing and singing in different regions is basically the same, but the technique of expression has its own characteristics. It can be played and sung by one or two people, or sung by many people, with simple movements at the same time. Generally speaking, the range of playing and singing is between ten degrees, with pentatonic scales, mainly Shang, Zheng and Gong modes. There are also individual tunes in the six tone scale. The lyrics of Tibetan zhamunie are multi paragraph narrative poems, which are performed in white and neat rhythm, lively and fluent. Its representative repertoire includes "Gesar subdues the devil", "horse racing is king" and so on.

Tibetan zhamunie has a broad mass base in playing and singing, showing strong national characteristics. Its language, music and dance are very distinctive, which has a high research value of Ethnology and art. At present, many famous zhamunie singers in Hainan have passed away, and there is a fault in their inheritance. With the change of society, the living space of the performance is becoming smaller and smaller. It is urgent to make a rescue and protection plan and implement it quickly.