Mongolian folk songs (Horqin Narrative Folk Songs)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Mongolian folk songs (Horqin Narrative Folk Songs)

Applicant: Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Project No.: 604

Project No.: Ⅱ - 105

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Type: new item

Applicant: Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Protection unit: Tongliao ethnic song and Dance Troupe

Introduction to Mongolian folk songs (Horqin Narrative Folk Songs)

Applicant: Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Mongolian folk songs are rich in content, free in rhythm, delicate in emotion, high pitched in tune, melodious and tactful, and deep in aftertaste. It can be divided into long tune folk songs and short tune folk songs. The long tune folk songs are generally sung in Mongolian, with wide space, long breath and deep emotion. The use of vibrato is exquisite and unique, and the melody and singing style reflect the vast and rough characteristics of grassland folk songs. The short tune folk songs are mainly popular in the semi farming and semi pastoral areas where the Mongolian and Chinese live together, and are mostly sung in Chinese, with short space, neat rhythm and beat Fixed, like to use reduplication, simple lyrics, free and flexible.

Horqin Narrative Folk Song, referred to as "Horqin folk song", is a kind of Mongolian Narrative Folk Song handed down from generation to generation, mainly spread in the Horqin grassland in the east of Inner Mongolia prairie. Mongolian Narrative Folk Songs began to appear in the Yuan Dynasty, among which the most famous ones are "aleqinbu song", "song of deer and lamb". But in the long historical period after that, Mongolian Narrative Folk Songs, especially long narrative folk songs, almost disappeared. It was not until the end of Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China that this unique style of national art developed unprecedentedly in Horqin grassland. Its large quantity and rich content are extremely rare in the history of Chinese folk songs.

Horqin's narrative folk songs are lively in rhythm and close to life in content. They are usually repeated in short and delicate musical paragraphs with long lyrics and accompanied by Sihu, Sanxian, Yangqin, Matouqin, Chaoer and other musical instruments. Its melody has distinctive characteristics, and it often uses rich techniques such as changing tone, detuning, changing tune, and mode alternation, which makes the melody different from the style of folk songs of other nationalities and regions. Horqin Narrative Folk Songs basically have relatively complete story plots, often with love between men and women, homesickness, affinity and heroic legends as the performance content. The length of lyrics is generally much longer than that of folk songs in other regions. There are more than a dozen folk songs that are sung for more than two hours, and the song of King Zhang is even more than 24 hours. The representative repertoire of Horqin's Narrative Folk Songs include gadamelin, danabala, Han Xiuying, taogetaohu, zanabalanima, etc.

Horqin Narrative Folk Song is the product of the integration of grassland nomadic culture and agricultural culture. It confirms the historical process of Horqin grassland people's transition from nomadic civilization to agricultural civilization, and shows distinct national and regional characteristics. It has the research value of history, ethnology, folklore, literature and art. At present, with the development of social economy and science and technology, Horqin narrative folk songs are gradually losing their suitable living environment and are on the verge of extinction.