Umbrella making skills (oil paper umbrella making skills)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: umbrella making technique (oil paper umbrella making technique)

Applicant: Jiangyang District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province

Project No.: 923

Project No.: Ⅷ - 140

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Sichuan Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Jiangyang District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province

Protection unit: water umbrella factory of Jiangyang District, Luzhou City

Brief introduction of umbrella making technology (oil paper umbrella making technology)

Applicant: Jiangyang District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province

Umbrella is a tool used for shading or rain blocking in daily life. It can be opened or closed, and is easy to carry. China's umbrella making technique has a long history. According to legend, Wang, wife of Lu Ban, a famous craftsman of the state of Lu in the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, split bamboo into thin strips, covered with animal skin, stretched as a cover and folded as a stick. This is the original umbrella. In ancient times, the umbrella had other names such as "cover", "Huagai" and "umbrella cover". In the Western Jin Dynasty, when emperors and noble officials went on tours, they often had attendants with umbrellas, which became guards of honor. The ancient umbrellas were all made of silk. In the northern and Southern Dynasties, the emperors and officials of the Northern Wei Dynasty used the umbrellas made of silk. People of different levels used different sizes and colors of the umbrellas. After the success of Cai Lun's papermaking in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the surface of the umbrella gradually changed from silk to paper, and oil paper umbrella appeared in the Song Dynasty. China's oil paper umbrellas are produced in Sichuan, Hunan, Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Guizhou and other places. They are necessities of life for working people. At present, due to the popularity of nylon silk folding umbrella, the traditional oil paper umbrella and silk umbrella have quietly retired from people's side, and the related production techniques have gradually disappeared.

According to the records of Luxian County, Fenshui oil paper umbrella in Luzhou City, Sichuan Province originated in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, with a history of more than 400 years. Fenshui umbrella factory is the inheritor of Luzhou oil paper umbrella making technology. Its tung oil paper umbrella made by traditional hand still shows the unique value of ancient technology. Fenshui oil paper umbrella has fine material selection, heavy oiling and elegant drawing, showing the artistic characteristics of folk tradition.

Fenshui oil paper umbrella is made of tung oil, Phyllostachys pubescens, water bamboo, rock Tung wood, leather paper, etc., which are abundant in Luzhou. The umbrella is light and beautiful, with both poetry and painting on the surface. It has a strong local flavor. It is commonly used in folk wedding celebrations and primitive religious activities. The production process of Luzhou oil paper umbrella is complex. An oil paper umbrella can only be finished through more than 90 processes, such as sawing, twisting, mesh edge, paper pasting, tying, covering oil, hooping and baking. The quality of the product is excellent. It is not bad for more than 3000 times. It can be soaked in clean water for 24 hours without debonding. Luzhou Fenshui oil paper umbrella is well received by users and folk collectors.