Dongyang wood carving

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Dongyang woodcarving

Applicant: Dongyang City, Zhejiang Province

Item No.: 342

Project No.: Ⅶ - 43

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Zhejiang Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Dongyang City, Zhejiang Province

Protection unit: Dongyang Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center

Introduction to Dongyang Woodcarving:

Applicant: Dongyang City, Zhejiang Province

Dongyang woodcarving is named for its geographical relationship. Dongyang City is located in the central part of Zhejiang Province, "three mountains with two basins, two basins with two rivers". There were many mountains and few land. In the old days, drought and flood occurred repeatedly in the north and South rivers, which forced the people to make a living by crafts. Dongyang wood carving is one of the most outstanding crafts. It is mainly distributed in Dongyang villages and towns, extending to surrounding counties and cities, and flowing into Jiangsu, Shanghai, Jiangxi, Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Hubei, Henan, Jilin, Sichuan, Chongqing, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao, as far as Singapore, Thailand, Mongolia, Albania, Canada and other countries.

According to the new records of Kangxi in Dongyang, during the reign of emperor Taihe of Tang Dynasty, Feng Su and Feng Ding, two brothers of fenggaolou village in Dongyang, once served as secretaries of the Ministry of official and the Ministry of industry respectively. Their houses were "dazzling with high-rise paintings, and the next corridor was half a mile.". Lu's tomb is the same as the tomb of Shu Yuanyu, the Jinshi and Prime Minister of the Tang and Yuan Dynasties. It was stolen in the early 20th century, and all of them have been unearthed. It can be seen that the wood carving in Dongyang had developed to a certain extent before the Taihe year of the Tang Dynasty. The existing statues of shancai Tongzi and Guanyin Bodhisattva carved in the second year of Jianlong in the Song Dynasty are elegant and dignified, which is enough to show the level and style of Dongyang wood carving at that time. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Dongyang wood carving was widely used in architecture and furniture decoration, forming a complete set of skills and perfect style. There are some ancient buildings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as Luzhai "Suyong hall" and Baitan "Wuben hall", mawaqiao "Yijing hall", and furniture such as "Qiangong bed" and "Shili Hongzhuang". At the beginning of the 20th century, Dongyang wood carving began to shift from folk architecture and furniture decoration to export handicraft production. Renyi factory, which was established in Hangzhou in 1914, was the earliest manufacturer of Dongyang wood carving, and then gradually developed to Shanghai, Hong Kong, Singapore and other places. After the 1950s, Dongyang wood carving factories began to be built all over the country.

Traditional Dongyang wood carving belongs to decorative carving, mainly plane relief, including thin relief, shallow relief, deep relief, high relief, multi-layer relief, double-sided through air carving, sawn air carving, full floor carving, color wood inlay carving, round wood relief, etc. it has rich layers and basic characteristics of plane decoration, light color, no dark paint, and retains the natural texture, color and style of logs Elegant, known as "white wood carving.". Dongyang wood carving material selection strict, mostly basswood, white peach, camphor wood, ginkgo wood and other materials. There are two kinds of craft, painting sculpture and manuscript design sculpture, both of which pay attention to creativity and "painting", and have high artistic value. There are many schools of wood carving in Dongyang, with family inheritance and apprenticeship inheritance as the main way of inheritance. Now the main inheritors are Lu Guangzheng and others.

In the past two decades, great changes have taken place in people's lives. Traditional wood carving is no longer used to decorate modern buildings. The skilled and exquisite craftsmanship, ingenious and flexible conception and rich traditional connotation of Dongyang wood carving have lost their environment and gradually declined. It is difficult for modern young people to concentrate on traditional skills, so there is a phenomenon that practitioners are not proficient in skills and are generally lost. Facing the endangered Dongyang woodcarving art, we must rescue and protect it as soon as possible.