Tibetan Tangka (changdugamagachi painting school)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Tibetan Tangka (changdugamagachi painting school)

Applicant: Changdu County, Tibet Autonomous Region

Project No.: 313

Project No.: Ⅶ - 14

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Tibet Autonomous Region

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Changdu County, Tibet Autonomous Region

Protection unit: Cultural Bureau of karuo District, Changdu City, Tibet Autonomous Region

Brief introduction of Tibetan Tangka (Changdu gamagachi painting school)

Applicant: Changdu County, Tibet Autonomous Region

Tangka, also known as "tangga" and "Tangka", is a Tibetan transliteration. It is a kind of colorful scroll painting embroidered or painted on cloth, silk or paper. It has strong Tibetan characteristics and has been popular among Tibetan people for a long time. Qamdo region is located in the east of Tibet and the southeast of Qinghai Tibet Plateau. It is said that the gamagachi painting school in Qamdo was founded by langkazaxi living Buddha. Together with the eighth living Buddha mijiuduoji, he laid the foundation of the modeling theory of gamagachi painting school. In the 16th century, gamagachi painting school began to prevail in Kangqu, and a number of Thangka artists emerged one after another. In the course of development, the Gamagachi School of painting was based on tradition, bold innovation, absorbed the essence of Han painters' meticulous painting techniques, paid attention to lyric and freehand brushwork, and paid attention to color contrast, forming the characteristics of rigorous structure and meticulous painting workers.

The gamagachi painting school comprehensively uses artistic techniques such as color depiction and cloth pasting to express the themes of myths and legends, historical stories, ethnic customs, natural landscapes and so on in cloth, silk, silk, paper and other materials, most of which are related to religious themes. Because gamaga chitangka is painted with color mineral pigment, the color of the work is still bright after hundreds of years. Gamagachi Thangka has the characteristics of exquisite drawing, exaggerated modeling and strong color contrast. It mostly uses the techniques of plain painting in pure color and gold thread drawing. It is easy to carry when it is rolled up, with edges of various colors of silk satin, veils and streamers on the surface, and wooden shafts decorated with silver or copper stitches on the upper and lower ends. Gamagachitangkado is collected by the people and temples, and is a treasure of the temples. Every religious festival, the temple will display the gamaga chitangka to the religious people, the scene is very spectacular.

Changdu gamagachi painting school created the world-famous gamagachi Thangka, which provides an effective means for the inheritance of Tibetan culture and occupies an extremely important position in the history of Tibetan religion, culture and art. At present, the senior artists with high attainments of gamagachi painting school in Changdu have passed the ancient times. In addition, the lack of research on the traditional skills and schema of gamagachi Thangka in the past is extremely unfavorable to the inheritance of the painting school. Therefore, the relevant protection work is more necessary and urgent.