Yangko (Linxian Santou Yangko)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Yangko (Santou Yangko in Linxian County)

Applicant: Linxian County, Shanxi Province

Project No.: 105

Project No.: Ⅲ - 2

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional dance

Region: Shanxi Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Linxian County, Shanxi Province

Protection unit: Linxian Santou Yangko Art Association

Introduction to Yangko (Linxian Santou Yangko)

Applicant: Linxian County, Shanxi Province

Yangko, also known as "twist Yangko", is a representative folk dance form of Han nationality in China. It originated from the working life of transplanting rice seedlings and farming, and is also related to the hymns and songs sung in ancient times when offering sacrifices to the God of agriculture to pray for harvest and disaster. In the long-term development process, Yangko continues to absorb folk songs, folk martial arts, acrobatics, opera and other folk art form skills, and gradually develops from general singing to collective dance performance. Yangko is rich in movements, various in forms, lively, unrestrained and enthusiastic, which is loved by ordinary people. After the Qing Dynasty, it has been widely spread all over the country and has become a popular folk dance style.

Linxian Santou Yangko is a kind of large-scale folk song and dance, which originated from the God greeting contest and folk Nuo dance in ancient sacrificial activities in China. It is mainly spread in Linxian and its surrounding areas in the Luliang mountains of Western Shanxi, including Xishan in Lishi, Beishan in Liulin, northwest of Fangshan, and Jiaxian and Wubao in Northern Shaanxi across the river from Linxian.

Linxian Santou Yangko is usually performed in the streets and squares. The number of Yangko troupes varies from 70-80 to 200. In front of the performance, there are gate flags, colored flags and drum bands. In the middle of the performance, there are drums and various small gatherings. After the performance, the team ends up with dragon dance and lion dance. All the participants dance with the rhythm of gongs, drums and suonas under the guidance of umbrella head, and look like a jubilant colorful dragon from afar.

There are more than 30 kinds of dance field pictures, more than 10 dance tunes and more than 40 kinds of singing tunes in Santou Yangko. The most distinctive dance is drum set. There are several drums in a Yangko team. Jiaguzi is composed of the male who plays the drum, the female who plays the flower and the clown who plays the fan. The male who plays the drum is rough and powerful; the female who plays the fan is delicate and moving; the male and female tease each other, play with each other, and the clown makes jokes from it, pushing the performance to the climax again and again.

In the long process of development and evolution, Santou Yangko has absorbed all kinds of folk art nourishment and gradually formed its own unique artistic style. It is unique in Shehuo Yangko and has become a typical representative of Yellow River culture and loess culture. At present, the role of Santou Yangko in Linxian county has been reduced, the Qupai has been lost, the structure and content have been changed, and there is a lack of successors.