Sichuan Yangqin

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Sichuan Yangqin

Applicant: Sichuan Institute of music and dance

Item No.: 768

Project No.: V - 75

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Sichuan Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Sichuan Institute of music and dance

Protected by: Sichuan Academy of Art

Introduction to Sichuan Yangqin

Applicant: Sichuan Institute of music and dance

Sichuan Yangqin, also known as "Sichuan Qinshu", is widely distributed in the Han nationality areas of Sichuan Province. It is named after the use of Yangqin as the main accompaniment instrument. It is said that during the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty, there was a rap performance accompanied by dulcimer in Sichuan. During the performance, one person played and sang by himself, mainly speaking and supplemented by singing. The singing was relatively simple, and Xingmu was also used when speaking, so it was called "talking drum dulcimer".

The traditional Sichuan dulcimer consists of five actors: Sheng, Dan, Jing, Mo and Chou. In the jargon, it is called "five people". Generally speaking, the performance is based on sitting and singing, or standing performance. The actors speak and sing on the court, and play with their own musical instruments. When there are too many characters in the repertoire to be allocated, one person can sing many roles at the same time. Yangqin aria includes provincial tune and Zhou tune: provincial tune refers to the Yangqin aria in Chengdu area, which can be divided into "major tune" and "Yuediao" (also known as "Yuediao"). Major tune belongs to banqiang style, including "Yizi", "Kuaiyi", "second rate" and "Sanban". Yuediao belongs to Qupai style, with nearly 20 pieces of Qupai, such as yuetou and dieduanqiao; zhoudiao refers to Yangqin aria outside Chengdu, which belongs to banqiang style, including qingban, Erliu and Sanban.

The period from 1912 to 1949 was a prosperous period for the development of dulcimer in Sichuan, with the emergence of Li Liansheng and other representative famous artists. Li Liansheng is good at singing tragic and generous songs such as "farewell to the fisherman" and "crying in the peach garden". When he performed "Huarong Road", he used the "wave eye three board" tune, which achieved excellent results and became popular all over the world. Li Decai, ye Nanzhang, etc. who succeeded also made outstanding achievements, and also contributed to the development of Sichuan Yangqin. There are hundreds of traditional Yangqin repertoire in Sichuan, such as chuanggong, drunken, Qiujiang, Chuanhui, etc. there are 13 volumes of "Sichuan Yangqin CI anthology" and "Sichuan Yangqin singing anthology". Yangqin art carries the history and culture of Bashu, and has a special value of sociology and culturology. At present, there is no successor for this kind of music, and the prospect is worrying, so it needs to be protected and inherited.