Mongolian costume

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Mongolian costumes

Applicant: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Project No.: 1015

Project No.: Ⅹ - 108

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: folk customs

Region: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Type: new item

Applicant: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Protection unit: Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Brief introduction of Mongolian costume:

Applicant: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Mongolian costumes are mainly distributed in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Xinjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, Yunnan and other provinces and autonomous regions.

Mongolian costume is one of the most representative costumes in the northern nomadic costumes in China. It developed unprecedentedly in the Yuan Dynasty and became luxurious, magnificent and elegant. With the continuous changes of society, the Mongolian tribes have an independent development space. The types and types of Mongolian costumes are increasing, forming different characteristics of each tribe's costumes and continuing to this day.

There are many differences in Mongolian tribal costumes, such as men and women, old and young, married and unmarried, four seasons costumes, ceremonial costumes, daily costumes and so on. It mainly includes robes (single robe, Jacket Robe, cotton padded robe, hanging face leather robe, white stubble leather robe, smoked leather robe), shoulders (Aoji, aojimuge), boots (felt boots, xiangniupi boots, Mahai), headwear and accessories (fire, girdle, fragrant purse), etc.

Mongolian people have been living in the grassland of northern part of the Great Wall for a long time. Due to the harsh and cold plateau climate, and the nomadic lifestyle, Mongolian people have a long time to move immediately. Their clothing must have a strong role in preventing the cold, and it is also easy to ride. Robes, shawls, fur hats and leather boots have naturally become their preferred clothing, so they have a strong grassland style. Robes are mostly made of leather, wool, cotton and silk fabrics. Depending on the season, the robe body is large, the sleeve is long, and the hem is not slit. The neckline, cuffs and hem of Mongolian robes are often decorated with brocade lace. The color of the robes varies with the age of men and women. More like red, white, blue, yellow, green, color collocation or strong contrast, bright and warm, or elegant coordination, subtle. The belt is very long, and the men's belt is often decorated with knives, fire, snuff boxes and other accessories. Women's headwear is mostly made of jewelry, gold, silver and jade, which is gorgeous and magnificent. From the perspective of clothing style, Mongolian clothing is broad-minded, elegant and dignified, which can not only reflect the curvilinear beauty of Mongolian women, but also reflect the brave, generous, rough and magnanimous character of herdsmen. Among them, religious costumes and Mongolian wrestling costumes also have their own characteristics and uses.

Mongolian costume is an integral part of Mongolian culture, which integrates cutting and sewing, precious metal processing and jewelry production. It embodies the wisdom of the Mongolian people, shows rich cultural connotation, and has research value in history, ethnology, aesthetics and other aspects.