Shandong Qinshu

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Shandong Qinshu

Applicant: Shandong Province

Project No.: 257

Project No.: V - 21

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Shandong Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Shandong Province

Protected by: Shandong Academy of Art

Shandong Qinshu

Applicant: Shandong Province

Shandong Qinshu, also known as "singing Yangqin" or "Shandong Yangqin", is an important local folk art in Shandong. It originated from the self entertainment singing form of "Chuang Jia Hua" (also known as "play bureau") in Heze (ancient Caozhou) area of Southwest Shandong Province in the middle of Ming Dynasty. In the middle of Qing Dynasty, the original accompaniment instruments Guqin and guzheng were changed to Yangqin (also known as "Butterfly Qin"), Sihu, guzheng, pipa, Jianban and diezi. The performance was accompanied by many people with different instruments, and the branches were used as tables Performance, mainly to sing, between the dialogue or dialogue.

Shandong Qinshu is performed in Shandong dialect. Due to the folk "xiaoquzi", there are more than 200 pieces of tunes. After the development of Qinshu rap, the tunes used gradually concentrated, with the so-called "laoliumen main melody" being the most commonly used, namely [shanghetiao], [fengyangge], [dieduanqiao], [hankouduo], [duoziban], [meihualuo], Since the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, it has further developed into a music system in which fengyangge and duoziban are the main tunes, and a small number of small songs are interspersed for rap. The programs are also dominated by medium and long books, and sing small passages.

Shandong Qinshu is popular in the south, North and East, and has its own representative artists and schools. South Road is the earliest branch, popular in the southwest of Shandong Province. Ru Xingli and his "Ru school" are the most representative. They do not use flowery tunes in singing, have deep lines, and are sincere in pronunciation. Most of the programs are works of indignation. North road takes Jinan as the center, and is widely popular in the northwest of Shandong Province. Deng Jiuru and his "Deng school" are the most representative. They are good at using dialect and slang East Road, with Guangrao and boxing as its center, is popular in Jiaodong, with Shangxing, Guan Yunxia and their "Shangpai" as its most representative, with beautiful and varied singing.

There are many traditional representative programs in Shandong Qinshu. The long ones are biography of the White Snake, Qiujiang, Yang Jiajiang, Baogong case, Dahongpao and so on. The middle ones are wangdingbao jiedang, sanshangshou, Liangzhu marriage and so on. The short ones are classic works inherited from the early Xiaoqu programs.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Shandong Qinshu has gained new development, and its popularity has expanded beyond Shandong Province. The excellent traditional programs such as "Liang Zhu's downhill", "water overflowing the Golden Mountain" and the newly created novella "seizing the seal", the short stories "ten women Kuafu", "Gu Niang's wish", "Da Lin's return home" and "Ju porcelain basin" all have an important influence.

Shandong Qinshu has rich cultural heritage, which has had a significant impact on the occurrence and development of Shandong Lu opera. It is the direct parent of Shandong Lu Opera and has a unique historical and cultural value. Now its development has encountered unprecedented difficulties, and it is in urgent need of protection and support.