Jizhong Sheng wind music (Zhang Zhuang concert)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: jizhongsheng wind music (Zhangzhuang concert)

Applicant: Bazhou City, Hebei Province

Project No.: 90

Project No.: Ⅱ - 59

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Hebei Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Bazhou City, Hebei Province

Protection unit: Bazhou Cultural Center

Brief introduction of jizhongsheng wind music (Zhangzhuang concert)

Applicant: Bazhou City, Hebei Province

Jizhong Sheng wind music is popular in nearly 30 counties and cities south of Beijing, west of Tianjin and north of Cangzhou and Dingzhou. It is a unique type of percussion music in Jizhong plain. It is commonly known as "concert" among the people. It is also known as "Sheng wind music" because it is mainly played by Guan and Sheng. In addition to Sheng, pipe, flute and other wind instruments, Jizhong Sheng wind instruments also use cloud Gong, drum, cymbal, cymbal, Dangdang and other percussion instruments. The music of Sheng Guan music is divided into three categories: Suite, ditty and independent percussion music. The suite is a major part of the whole playing repertoire because of its long length and complex structure. Jizhong Sheng wind music is spread all over the whole Jizhong plain. Farmers in this area take the village as a unit to perform in local folk activities such as sacrifice and funeral, and inherit it from generation to generation in their own unique way.

The concert popular in Zhangzhuang, Xin'an Town, Bazhou City, Hebei Province is commonly known as "laodaojing", which belongs to the orthodox Taoist music. Information shows that in the late Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Zhangzhuang's concerts had already taken on the appearance of pure Taoist music. Li Duqi, the last music preacher in the Guandi Temple of Zhangzhuang village, is now over 80 years old. He can still play the main leading tone, the small leading tone and the small fan back tone. In the local area, every year when the lantern is put on the 15th of the first month, the birthday of Nanhai grand master on the 19th of February, the lotus lantern on the 15th of July and the God of fire on the 15th of September, concerts will be performed.

The flute used in Zhangzhuang concert is in e key, and the rhythm of the tune is a little faster. During the performance, the musicians can be more or less, generally divided into two groups, "Gao Gong", who specializes in chanting scriptures, is in the middle of the two groups. On weekdays, concerts are mainly performed in funerals and other folk activities, and the corresponding repertoire should be played in every link of the activities, such as "water taking praise" when "water taking" and "golden lantern" when "watching the lantern". The musical instruments used in Zhang Zhuang's concert can be divided into civil and military venues. The main musical instruments used in the venue are melodic instruments, including tubules, flutes, Sheng, cloud gongs, etc.; the main musical instruments used in the martial arts venue are percussion instruments, including drums (hand drums), cymbals, cymbals, cymbals, cymbals (small plates), etc. There are four gongchi music scores in the concert, but only one is left. It is a copy of the Qing Dynasty and contains 145 pieces of music cards and 5 pieces of residual music. It has a certain reference value in the study of traditional music. The representative music of Zhang Zhuang's concert includes yubaodu, Erjie, amber miao'er, etc.

Since its establishment, Zhangzhuang concert has never been influenced by other forms of music, and has maintained its original form completely. It is an important reference and material for the study of ancient folk Taoist music in China. It is based on the local, serving the local folk customs, strengthening the simple and honest folk customs in Zhangzhuang area, and fully highlighting the educational function of music. At present, there are fewer and fewer traditional folk activities, and the living space of concerts is shrinking. With the death of old artists one after another, Zhang Zhuang's concert performance skills are on the verge of being lost, which is in urgent need of rescue and protection.