Yangzhou Qingqu

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Yangzhou Qingqu

Applicant: Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Project No.: 261

Project No.: V - 25

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Jiangsu Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Protection unit: Yangzhou Qingqu inheritance and Development Research Association, Guangling District, Yangzhou City

Brief introduction of Yangzhou Qingqu

Applicant: Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Yangzhou Qingqu, also known as "Guangling Qingqu" and "Weiyang Qingqu", is a kind of singing form based on the popular folk songs and minor tunes in Yangzhou during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is commonly known as "Xiaochang" or "changxiaoqu". It is mainly popular in Yangzhou, Zhenjiang and Shanghai in Jiangsu Province and performed in Yangzhou dialect. It was formed in the early Qing Dynasty. The traditional form of performance is for one or two to eight or nine people to sit and sing with pipa, Sanxian, Yueqin, Sihu, erhu, Yangqin, tanban, diezi, wine cup and other accompaniment. After walking on the stage, most of them are performed with five people to sit and sing with pipa, Sanxian, erhu, Sihu and Yangqin. In the early stage, it was mainly used to split jade, yinniusi, four sceneries, flip oars, fold money, auspicious grass, Manjianghong, xiangjianglang, etc. later, it was mainly used to "ruanping", "Lidiao", "nandiao", "Boyang", "chundiao", "bushuan", "huahuadiao", "Yangliuqing", etc 】, snow embracing blue pass, etc. The program can be divided into two types: the "single piece" with a single tune and the suite with two or more tunes. The divertimento is divided into "small divertimento" and "big divertimento". The divertimento with the main tune of "Manjianghong" is commonly known as "five petal plum".

Yangzhou Qingqu is divided into two kinds of singing: professional and self entertainment. The former used to be performed by individuals or families in the streets or on passenger ships sailing in inland rivers, and later mainly performed by professional performers of Quyi performance groups. The latter is mainly performed by shop assistants, small handicraftsmen and intellectuals, and some even create libretto and tune changes Some people have done some theoretical research work, such as Wang Wanqing's artistic experience of Yangzhou Qingqu. Traditional representative programs include "ten cups of wine", "life is difficult" and other "single films", "Three Kingdoms", "Water Margin", "Romance of the West Chamber", "dream of Red Mansions", "Legend of the White Snake", "Pearl Tower", "Daiyu mourning autumn", "Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai", "Qin Qiong selling horses", "Su Sanqi solution", "bamboo and wood struggle", "fireworks sigh", "mouse complain" and other divertimento. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, new programs such as Liu Hulan and workers, peasants and soldiers were edited and performed.

According to Li Dou's Yangzhou Huafang Lu, the early famous artists of Yangzhou Qingqu include Li dianchen, Chen Jingxian, Liu Tianlu, Liu Luguan, Mou Qi, Jin Gu, pan wudaoshi, Zheng Yuben and Zhu San. Since the 20th century, the most influential artists are Li Ziyun, Zhong Peixian, Pei Fukang, Wang Wanqing and you Qingle.

Yangzhou Qingqu is a form of singing with a long history. Many ancient folk songs since Yuan and Ming Dynasties, including the original words of some folk songs, have been well preserved in Yangzhou Qingqu. Due to the long time of spreading, it has had different degrees of influence on many similar music in other areas. Due to various reasons, this representative ancient music is in the endangered state of artists' diaspora and lack of successors, which is in urgent need of rescue and protection.