Wenzhou Guci

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Wenzhou Guci

Applicant: Pingyang County, Zhejiang Province

Item No.: 249

Project No.: V - 13

Time of publication: 2011 (the third batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Zhejiang Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Pingyang County, Zhejiang Province

Protection unit: Pingyang Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center

Introduction to Wenzhou Guci

Applicant: Pingyang County, Zhejiang Province

Wenzhou Guci is a folk rap art sung in Wenzhou dialect. It is one of the main tunes in Zhejiang and East China. Its main musical instrument, niujinqin, is unique with strong local color and unique artistic style.

According to the records of Pingyang County annals and Wenzhou quyi music integration, Wenzhou Guci began in the Ming Dynasty. It was formed by the combination of Lixiang ballads and CI songs in Hengyang (now Pingyang), and then developed by inheriting the traditional opera drum music and absorbing folk tunes. Fang Dingrui wrote in the edition of Wenzhou Zhuzhici (1872) in the 11th year of Tongzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty: "it's hard to avoid the female Huang in the rural commentary, and the performance of jingchai is heartbreaking. Today, the people of Doupeng are sitting together, singing "Niang Niang" in the village It can be seen that by the middle of the Qing Dynasty, Wenzhou Guci was very popular.

Wenzhou Guci is divided into two types: big Ci and peace CI. Da Ci, also known as "Lingjing", is commonly known as "Niangniang Ci". Because its content is to praise the merits of Chen Shiniang in collecting demons and eliminating evils for the people, and the folk belief ceremony of singing this Ci is quite grand, so it is called "Da Ci". Pingci mainly sings all kinds of chivalrous stories, legends and novels.

Wenzhou Guci has singing and speaking, mainly singing. Its basic tunes of singing are adagio, flowing water, tight board, etc. Because Wenzhou Guci is sung in Wenzhou dialect, its pronunciation is different and its singing style has its own characteristics. Its syntactic structure is basically seven character sentence, sometimes five character sentence and reduplication are used.

The main musical instruments used in Wenzhou Guci singing are flat drum, niujinqin, sanniban, xiaobaoyue and so on. The main musical instrument niujinqin was created by Chen Changpai, a famous poet in Pingyang in the late Qing Dynasty. The appearance of niujinqin has greatly reformed and promoted the development of Wenzhou Guci. At present, there are more than 40 drum CI artists in Pingyang singing in the north and south of Oujiang.

The regional cultural characteristics of Wenzhou Guci are outstanding, which has the research value of folk literature and art and social customs.