Jingdong drum

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Jingdong Dagu

Applicant: Baodi District, Tianjin

Item No.: 246

Project No.: V - 10

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Tianjin

Type: new item

Applicant: Baodi District, Tianjin

Protected by: Tianjin Baodi District Cultural Center (Tianjin Baodi District Cultural Heritage Protection Center)

Introduction to Jingdong Dagu

Applicant: Baodi District, Tianjin

Jingdong drum is a kind of Quyi Gushu and Guqu form, which adopts the performance of Jingdong rap. The performance is performed by one drummer standing and singing, while others are accompanied by instruments such as Sanxian and Yangqin. It was formed in the middle of Qing Dynasty, and had different appellations in different periods and places, such as Jingdong kedagu, letingdiao, pinggudiao, pinggudiao, letingdiao Dagu, sipingdiao Dagu, letingdagu (different from the name of leting Dagu formed and popular in leting County, Hebei Province), tiepiandagu, Tieban Dagu, Chengde local Dagu, etc. Jingdong Dagu originated from Sanhe and Xianghe in Hebei and Baodi in Tianjin, and is popular in Langfang, Chengde, Baoding, Tangshan, Huairou in Beijing and Baodi in Tianjin. When it came to Tianjin in the early 20th century, it performed in small-scale quyi performance venues, mainly rap and big books. In the early 1930s, Liu Wenbin, a native of Baodi in Tianjin, broadcast and perform "the case of Liu Gong" on Tianjin commercial radio station, which was very popular with the masses. The influence of Jingdong drum gradually expanded and then spread to Beijing, Tangshan and other places.

Before 1949, there were many famous artists in Jingdong Dagu, including Deng Diankui, Yu Qi, Wang Xianzhang, Liu Junhai, Fu shiting, Zhang Shicheng, Shi Jinrong, Wang Peichen, Wei xigeng, Liu Wenbin, Qi Wenzhou, etc. The traditional repertoire and bibliography are very rich, including short drum songs "Wang Po scolds chicken", "mouse tells cat", "Yang Bajie Youchun", "Xiangzi shangshou", "whip Luhua", "xiaoguxian", medium drum songs "Xiangma Zhuan", "Baogong born", "Wang Dingbao jiedang", "Ge Hongxia sweeps North", "Liu Gongan", long drum songs "Da Bayi", "Xiao Bayi", "Xiao Bayi", etc《 Yang Jiajiang, Hu Jiajiang, shuangheji, fantang, etc. In 1933, Xianghe artist Yu Jingyuan called it "Jingdong drum" when he performed "the story of Shi Lan" in Tianjin Renchang radio station, and the name of "Jingdong drum" became popular.

After 1949, Dong Xiangkun, an amateur actor from Baodi, Tianjin, was the most famous performance of Jingdong drum. On the basis of retaining the traditional singing style, he changed the original use of Jingdong dialect performance to Mandarin speaking and singing, further processed and standardized the singing style, and constantly created new repertoire to adapt to the development of the times, which was deeply loved by the audience. With the unremitting efforts of Dong Xiangkun and others, the development of Jingdong drum reached its peak in the 1960s and 1970s, and the influence of its music types also spread all over the north.

Since the beginning of the 21st century, due to the reduction of successors and few performances, there has been an unprecedented crisis in the development of Jingdong drum, which is in urgent need of support and protection.