Hebei drum music

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Hebei drum music

Applicant: Funing County, Hebei Province

Item No.: 86

Project No.: Ⅱ - 55

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Hebei Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Funing County, Hebei Province

Protection unit: Funing District Cultural Center, Qinhuangdao City

Introduction to Hebei drum music

Applicant: Funing County, Hebei Province

Yongnian drum music is one of the most influential folk instrumental music in Hebei Province. It is said that when Dou Jiande, the leader of the uprising army in the late Sui Dynasty, became king in Yongnian, there were percussion music in the army and among the people. After the middle of Ming Dynasty, drum music became more and more mature and prosperous. According to Yongnian County annals (customs annals) compiled during the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, it was widely used in folk wedding and funeral ceremonies, and passed down from generation to generation. Before the 1970s, in urban and rural mass cultural activities, the art of drum music was still very prosperous.

Yongnian's percussion music is performed in various ways, mainly including percussion music, percussion music and Kaxi. It has rich repertoire, including Zapai, Taoqu and chuika. It has more than 200 repertoires and more than 50 kinds of Qupai, many of which are unique to Yongnian. Its performance style is rough and warm, cheerful and lively, with distinct regional characteristics. Common repertoire are "a flower", "too market", "small donkey", "Da Deng Dian", "lift the sedan chair", "big donkey" and so on.

Yongnian drum music is mainly inherited in the family way. In the long-term learning process, it gradually formed five family schools. Yongnian drum music is a unique local folk art form in Hebei Province. It is a valuable material for studying and learning Chinese folk music. Its traditional performance methods, performance skills and performance style have great enlightenment on the development and innovation of Chinese contemporary folk performing art.

There are many pieces of Funing's advocacy music, which is known as "Fourteen sets of brands, and the little songs match the ox's hair". There are more than 200 pieces of music in five categories: Yangko, Dabai, hanchui, huachui and zaqu. The commonly used repertoire includes "man Tang Hong", "Ju Ju Shuang", "Liu Qing Niang", "Xiao Mo Fang", "Xiu Hong Deng" and "Lao Guan Diao Zi". The shape of Funing drum music instruments is very unique. Various types of Suona with different shapes are its main instruments. In addition, there are "Kawan" used in Ka opera, "harmonica" used in flower blowing and many other commonly used instruments. Funing drum music has various performing methods and unique skills, such as cable, flower adding, word forming, flower tongue, tremor finger, three strong tones, color changing and so on. It is more useful to play three sections of Suona, such as "pull out three sections" and "BIE Ba" and "string blowing". The blowing is organically combined with the body action performance. The performance style is rough and powerful, lively and humorous, warm and humorous, with a strong local flavor. Funing drum music is mainly used in weddings and funerals, festivals and folk dance accompaniment, has always been popular with the masses. It is passed down in three ways: family inheritance, family worship and apprenticeship. Talent has gathered in all generations, and famous musicians have come forth in large numbers. Many musicians have the experience of "young people learning in their hometown, adult people selling in Kanto, later years passing on the art to their hometown, and passing on the good name inside and outside the pass".

Funing drum music is rich in content, with distinctive regional cultural characteristics and important historical and artistic value. In recent years, due to various reasons, Yongnian drum music and Funing drum music are in an endangered state of shrinking and lack of successors, which are in urgent need of rescue and protection.