Jizhong Sheng wind music (Baimiao village concert)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Jizhong Sheng wind music (Baimiao village concert)

Applicant: Daxing District, Beijing

Project No.: 90

Project No.: Ⅱ - 59

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Beijing

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Daxing District, Beijing

Protected by: cultural center of Daxing District, Beijing

Jizhong Sheng wind music (Baimiao village concert)

Applicant: Daxing District, Beijing

Jizhong Sheng wind music is popular in nearly 30 counties and cities south of Beijing, west of Tianjin and north of Cangzhou and Dingzhou. It is a unique type of percussion music in Jizhong plain. It is commonly known as "concert" among the people. It is also known as "Sheng wind music" because it is mainly played by Guan and Sheng. In addition to Sheng, pipe, flute and other wind instruments, Jizhong Sheng wind instruments also use cloud Gong, drum, cymbal, cymbal, Dangdang and other percussion instruments. The music of Sheng Guan music is divided into three categories: Suite, ditty and independent percussion music. The suite is a major part of the whole playing repertoire because of its long length and complex structure. Jizhong Sheng wind music is spread all over the whole Jizhong plain. Farmers in this area take the village as a unit to perform in local folk activities such as sacrifice and funeral, and inherit it from generation to generation in their own unique way.

Baimiao village concert is popular in Baimiao village, Changziying Town, Daxing District, Beijing. It is played in the form of a small band. It belongs to the Sheng pipe music of monks. It has a very deep origin with Tanzhe Temple in Beijing. It is said that in the late Ming Dynasty, the monks of Tanzhe Temple spread the music from the temple to Baimiao temple, and then improved it continuously in the inheritance, integrating the elements of Taoist music and folk music, so that Baimiao village concert has the characteristics of Beijing Zen Music and folk drum music.

There are two types of musical instruments used in the concert in Baimiao Village: one is wind instruments, mainly Sheng, Guan, flute, etc.; the other is percussion instruments (all called "magic instruments"), mainly gongs, drums, cymbals, etc. There are more than 100 pieces of music in Baimiao village. They are all recorded in the ancient Chinese gongchi notation. During the "Cultural Revolution" period, all the music scores were burned. At present, there are only more than 70 music scores, such as "jade Lotus" and "green bamboo curtain", which were compiled by old artists according to their memory after 1985.

At present, the Baimiao concert band is composed of 15 people, usually 9 or 11 people. Guan Zi is the leader, and the cymbals are used to control the speed. Before and after the performance, sit down in turn. The front stage starts with cymbals, drums, gongs and other percussion instruments, and the back stage is played with Sheng, Guanzi, flute and other instruments. The front and back stages are alternately carried out, cycling in turn, until the end of the repertoire.

The white temple concert has absorbed the essence of Zen Music and folk music. It has both religious and religious flavor and strong local flavor. Its style is solemn and solemn and bold. In the related rituals of rural society, Baimiao concert has become an important part of local folk customs. At present, the musical instruments in Baimiao village are seriously damaged, the staff are out of touch, and the skills are on the verge of being lost.