Zhiduo County, Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Zhiduo County Zhiduo county is a county under the jurisdiction of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province. It is located in the southwest of the province, the Midwest of the prefecture, and Xinjiang and Tibet Autonomous Region in the West. The county government is stationed in jiajibolog (in Caicai township). The county borders Yushu County in the East, Haixi Prefecture in the west, qumalai county and Haixi Prefecture in the north, and Zaduo County in the south. It is 921 kilometers away from the provincial capital Xining City, 195 miles away from the state capital, 109 National Highway and Qinghai Tibet railway. Kekexili National Nature Reserve is one of the areas with the most complete preservation of the original ecological environment in the world. It is also one of the nature reserves with the largest area, the highest altitude and the richest wildlife resources in China. It plays an important role in the ecological environment of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, China, Asia and the whole world.

Zhiduo, translated as the source of the Yangtze River in Tibetan, is the birthplace of the Yangtze River, known as "the first county in the Yangtze River". The average altitude of the county is above 4500 meters. With a total area of 80600 square kilometers, it governs 20 administrative villages and 68 herdsmen groups in five townships and one town. With a total population of 43200 people (in 2020), the county is one of the most important counties in China with the highest proportion of main ethnic groups, the highest altitude, the largest per capita area and the most important ecological position. It is known as the source of the Yangtze River, the kingdom of animals, the water tower of China and the treasure land of Jialuo.

On December 29, 2018, Zhiduo county was named the Sixth Batch of national demonstration areas (units) for national unity and progress by the National People's commission. By the end of 2019, the GDP will be 600 million yuan, the investment in fixed assets will be 540 million yuan, the fiscal revenue will be 12.07 million yuan, and the per capita income of herdsmen will be 9876 yuan. China's top 100 water purification counties and cities in 2020.

Evolution of organizational system

It was a place of Qiang Nationality in ancient times.

During the period of Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties, it belonged to the land of Supi women.

In the Tang and Song Dynasties, it was the land of Tubo.

The Yuan Dynasty was under the jurisdiction of the Tibetan missionary.

In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, the royal family of Nangqian, who was canonized by the Heshuote Mongolian regime, was under the control of the "Prime Minister of Qinghai Mongolian Fanzi affairs minister yamen".

At the beginning of the Republic of China, it was under the jurisdiction of Qinghai administrative officer and Xining town general. In 1917, he was the director of Yushu. In 1929, it was under the jurisdiction of Yushu county.

In 1953, Yushu county and Yiduo county were divided into excellent counties. In 1954, it was renamed Zhiduo County, affiliated to Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Region (prefecture).

At the end of 1999, it covers an area of 77607 square kilometers and has a population of 22854 (according to Qinghai Provincial Records), and has jurisdiction over six townships. The county government is located in jiajibolog (in Caicai township).

According to the fifth census in 2000, the total population of Zhiduo county is 24194, including 3660 in Suojia Township, 4557 in Zhahe Township, 4747 in Caicai Township, 2699 in Zhiqu Township, 2101 in dangjiang Township, 1787 in Lixin Township and 4643 in jiajibolog township.

On October 15, 2001, Qinghai provincial government issued the reply of Qingzheng Letter No. 99: to cancel dangjiang Township and establish jiajibolog town (the town government's residence was moved to jiajibolog county government's residence). After the adjustment, Zhiduo County governs one town and five townships: jiajibologe Town, Suojia Township, Zhahe Township, Caicai Township, Zhiqu Township and Lixin township.

At the end of 2001, Zhiduo county had one town, five townships and 20 animal husbandry committees. Jiajibolog town is located in jiajibolog, which has jurisdiction over two animal husbandry committees: Riqing and gaicha. Caicai township is located in saimoyong, with jurisdiction over four animal husbandry committees, namely Dasheng, rari, dangjiangrong and nieqia. Lixin township is located in yongkeda, with jurisdiction over Yeqing, Gangcha and Zhaxi animal husbandry committees. Suoga Township, located in zhigengaka, has four pastoral committees, namely Junqu, Yaqu, Dangqu and Moqu. Zhahe township is located in nawana Kok and has four pastoral committees: zhisai, Masai, kouqian and Dawang. Zhiqu township is located in Malay sangduo in Jianghe, and has jurisdiction over Zhijia, Jiangqing and Tongka animal husbandry committees.

In April 2020, Zhiduo county will withdraw from the sequence of poor counties.

administrative division

As of 2007, Zhiduo county has jurisdiction over six townships, namely: colorful Township, Suojia Township, Zhahe Township, Zhiqu Township, dangjiang Township and Lixin township.

geographical environment

Location context

Zhiduo county is located in the middle of Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the southwest of Qingnan plateau in Qinghai Province, and the Midwest of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, accounting for about 33 ° 02 ′ - 36 ° 16 ′ N and 89 ° 23 ′ - 96 ° 23 ′ E. It is 621 km long from east to west and 243 km wide from north to south, with a total land area of 80200 square kilometers. It is adjacent to Yushu County in the East, Tanggulashan Township and Zaduo County in the south, Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in the north, and qumalai County across Tianhe River in the northeast.

Geology and geomorphology

Zhiduo county is a high-rise county with high terrain in the southwest and low terrain in the northeast, with an average altitude of more than 4500 meters. The altitude ranges from 6860 meters at the top of bukadaban peak to 3850 meters at the coast of Tongtian River in the east of the county, with an altitude difference of 3010 meters. The Kunlun Mountains stretch in the north, Wulan Wula mountain in the South and Kekexili mountain in the middle and West.

climate

The average annual temperature of Zhiduo county is - 0.3 ℃, the annual precipitation is 397mm, the light is sufficient and the radiation is strong. The cold season lasts for nearly 10 months with large temperature difference between day and night, which is a typical plateau continental climate.

hydrology

There are many rivers and lakes in Zhiduo County, most of which belong to the Yangtze River system, mainly including Tongtian River (Yangtze River), Dangqu, Yaqu, Kekexili lake, Taiyang lake, Xijin Wulan lake, etc.

natural resources

Solar energy resources

Zhiduo county is rich in solar energy resources, the annual sunshine can reach 2700 hours, the annual total solar radiation is more than 640 kJ / cm2, solar photovoltaic power has been widely used in the whole county, the popularization rate is more than 90%, and has a very broad development prospect.

Biological resources

According to statistics, there are 484 species of higher plants belonging to 184 genera and 50 families in Zhiduo county. There are also many wild animals, including Tibetan antelope, snow leopard, white lipped deer, wild yak, Tibetan gazelle, fox, rock sheep, argali, Tibetan wild donkey, snow chicken, musk deer and other rare wild animals.

mineral resources

Zhiduo county is rich in gold, silver, copper, iron, zinc, asbestos, mirabilite, crystal, salt, coal, etc. However, due to the complex form, high altitude, inconvenient transportation and other reasons, it has not been mined.

Water resources

Zhiduo county is the birthplace of the Yangtze River, known as the "water tower of China". It is rich in water resources. There are more than 80 rivers and rivers, and the theoretical reserves of water energy are 2.395 million kilowatts.

Population nationality

By the end of 2007, the total population of Zhiduo county was 28200, of which 27410 were Tibetans, accounting for 94.1% of the total population, as well as Han, Hui, Salar and other nationalities. Zhiduo county is a pure animal husbandry County dominated by Tibetan population.

In 2020, the total population of Zhiduo county will be 43200.

Economic overview

overview

In 2007, Zhiduo county achieved a GDP of 208.587 million yuan, an increase of 10% over 2006. Among them, the output value of the primary industry was 128.5663 million yuan; the output value of the secondary industry was 32.6 million yuan; the output value of the tertiary industry was 42.23 million yuan; the total investment in fixed assets of the whole society was 109.2 million yuan, an increase of 19.2% compared with 2006; the total local financial resources at the beginning of the year was 66.26 million yuan, including 64.76 million yuan from the central government and 1.5 million yuan from the local government, an increase of 37% compared with 2006; the per capita net income of herdsmen reached 2.6 million yuan 193 yuan, an increase of 7% compared with 2006; the per capita disposable income of urban residents reached 9074 yuan, an increase of 17% compared with 2006; the total retail sales of social goods in the whole year reached 27.91 million yuan, an increase of 13% compared with 2006, of which 18.96 million yuan was for individual economy;

By the end of 2019, the GDP will be 600 million yuan, the investment in fixed assets will be 540 million yuan, the fiscal revenue will be 12.07 million yuan, and the per capita income of herdsmen will be 9876 yuan.

primary industry

In 2007, the total output value of animal husbandry in Zhiduo county was 128.41 million yuan, an increase of 5.6% compared with 2006; the total increase rate of livestock in the county was 40.6%, an increase of 6.79%; the slaughter rate was 41%, an increase of 7.89% compared with 2006; the commodity rate was 31%, and the loss rate of livestock was 2.53%. In 2006, there were 460600 head (piece, piece) of non livestock in stock, among which 217200 head (piece, piece) of suitable age female livestock, and the ratio of suitable age female livestock was 47.2%.

the secondary industry

In 2007, the output value of the secondary industry in Zhiduo county was 32.6 million yuan, mainly including small industries such as electric power, agricultural machinery repair, meat and food processing, iron and wood processing, etc. And the total investment is about 18 million yuan, to develop copper containing polymetallic ore, and the products are urgently needed for national defense and civil industry. The total investment of the project is 4.5 million yuan, to build a white lipped deer breeding and product processing base, to build a new fence of 1000 mu and a greenhouse of 300 square meters.

the service sector; the tertiary industry

In 2007, the total investment of gongsa Temple scenic spot construction project is 2 million yuan, and the construction period is one year. A new two-story 800 square meter multi-functional hotel integrating accommodation, catering and shopping and related supporting facilities will be built. A new 180 square meter parking lot will be built. Gongsa temple is not only an ancient temple worshiped by believers, but also a treasure house of art and cultural relics. It is also a holy land for tourism and vacation with unique folk customs. Only in 2005, it received about 17500 Chinese and foreign tourists and believers.

social undertakings

education

In 2007, the enrollment rate of school-age children in Zhiduo County reached 96.87%, an increase of 7.5% over the previous year, and the consolidation rate and enrollment rate of primary and secondary school students reached 100%; 2700 young and middle-aged illiterates were eliminated throughout the year, and the non illiteracy rate of young and middle-aged people in Zhiduo County reached 96.4%. The implementation of the people's grants was 1.807 million yuan, and the implementation of public funds was 114000 yuan