Three spirits of Bai nationality

The name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Bai People's Rao Sanling

Applicant: Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Item No.: 489

Project No.: Ⅹ - 41

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: folk customs

Region: Yunnan Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Protection unit: Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture

A brief introduction of Bai People's three spirits

Applicant: Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

The Bai people of Dali circle Sanling, which is called "guanshanglan". It has been spread in the Bai villages around Cangshan and Erhai in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province for more than 1000 years.

Every year from April 23 to 25 of the lunar calendar, just before the busy season for rice planting, it is also a time when the weather is warm and the mountains and rivers are beautiful. Bai people living in hundreds of villages around Erhai Lake in Cangshan Mountain, regardless of gender, arrange flowers and wear festive costumes. They took the village as a unit, ranging from dozens to hundreds, and came to the meeting in groups, carrying sacrificial utensils, simple luggage, food and cooking utensils from all directions. People are full of enthusiasm, hoping that through their own devout worship, the weather will be smooth this year, and the grain will be plentiful after autumn; they also pray for the safety of the whole family. The team is divided into three parts: the leader is a man and a woman (sometimes two men or two women), two old people holding willow branches and oxtail (called hualiushu old man); in the middle, besides one person playing flute, there are dozens of male and female dancers holding "Bawang whip" and "money drum"; in the tail, there are one person blowing leaves and dozens of people who are also singing and dancing, holding fans or straw hats The women were formed in the "single line battle array", and gathered in the morning of the 23th day of the fourth month of the Chinese lunar calendar in Town God's Temple, Dali, under the leadership of the old willow tree, to burn incense candles and prepare for their luggage. Now singing, now dancing, from the Town God's Temple, the Bai people from all sides, from one place to another, are dancing and singing along the way to the north of Cangshan. First, they come to the Buddhist temple of Buddha's worship at the Three Pagodas of the Tang Dynasty, and then go north for about 16 kilometers. They arrive at Chaoyang village, the five peak of Cangshan. Qingdong village, Qingdong "Benzhu" temple, which worships "Shendu", is called "Northern Dynasty (worship)". It is believed that the "Shendu" is dedicated to Duan Zongbang, the largest "five hundred God kings" in Dali. Then, they played "overlord whip" and "money drum" inside and outside the temple, danced fan dance and sang Bai tune. In the evening, they buried pots around Shendu for cooking. That night, they stayed in Qingdong temple and the surrounding wild woods. People enjoy singing and dancing all night. It's very lively, which makes it the center of "around the three spirits" activities.

On April 24, Duan Chicheng, the hero of the beheading python, worshipped the God of Erhai Lake.

On April 25, I went to majuyi village by the sea of Beier in Dali city to worship Baoan king, the "master" here.

In these three days, people around Sanling have to walk more than 40 kilometers, playing, singing and dancing, and answering songs.

It has a long history, a deep mass foundation, a large scale of activities and a wide space for the tour, which reflects the Bai nationality's cultural tolerance and high innovative spirit. It has a strong practical role in strengthening the sense of cultural identity and enhancing the cohesion of Bai nationality, and has become one of the most significant symbols of Bai culture.