Weaving techniques of Tibetan bangdian and card mat

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Tibetan bangdian and card mat weaving skills

Applicant: Shannan District, Tibet Autonomous Region

Item No.: 371

Project No.: VIII - 21

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Tibet Autonomous Region

Type: new item

Applicant: Shannan District, Tibet Autonomous Region

Protected by: Culture Bureau of Gongga county (Cultural Relics Bureau)

Brief introduction to weaving techniques of Tibetan bangdian and card mat:

Applicant: Shannan District, Tibet Autonomous Region

Tibetan wool weaving has a long history, and its products are most famous for aprons and carpets. The woolen apron commonly used by Tibetan people is called "bangdian" in Tibetan, which has the functions of decoration and cold resistance. Jiedexiu Town, Gongga County, Shannan Prefecture, Tibet is the main producing area of Tibetan aprons, so it is known as "the hometown of bangdian". Jiedexiu town has a history of producing woolen goods for more than 1000 years and aprons for five or six hundred years. In history, there were many shops in the town, and every household owned one or more looms. The weaving of Su was once a tribute to the past dynasties. It is said that the Su clothing worn by Princess Wencheng was produced in the town. After generations of inheritance and improvement, the wool products of jiedexiu town have made great progress in varieties, patterns, colors and skills. At present, there are about 780 households and 2200 people in the town. Almost every family produces woolen aprons. The products are not only famous in China, but also exported to India, Nepal, Bhutan and Western European countries.

Gyangze County in Shigatse Prefecture is a famous carpet town in Tibet. Gyangze carpet, Turkish carpet and Persian carpet are known as the three most famous carpets in the world.

As early as the 11th century, in the middle reaches of the Nianchu River (today's Bailang county), there was a kind of handicraft called "Wangdan Zhongsi" (card mat). This area has always been a traditional production area of Tibetan carpets, weaving skills have been greatly developed, and formed a series of patterns. After that, the people of Gyangze constantly improved and innovated on the basis of traditional "card mat" handicrafts, forming a unique Gyangze carpet. During the period of the Republic of China, British businessmen set up small factories and technical schools in Gyangze, and their products were exported to Europe.

The "card mat" of Gyangze reflects the development history of Tibetan weaving skills in more than one thousand years. Its pattern, spinning, dyeing, weaving and blanket cutting are very excellent. It has the characteristics of unique weaving skills, bright and harmonious color and soft blanket surface, and has high artistic value. These national handicrafts should be protected and inherited.