Li Folk Songs (Qiongzhong Li Folk Songs)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Li Folk Songs (Qiongzhong Li Folk Songs)

Applicant: Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County, Hainan Province

Project No.: 610

Project No.: Ⅱ - 111

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Hainan Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County, Hainan Province

Protection unit: cultural center of Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County

Introduction to Li Folk Songs (Qiongzhong Li Folk Songs)

Applicant: Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County, Hainan Province

Li nationality is one of the Lingnan ethnic groups in China. They live in Tongshi Town, Baoting, Ledong, Dongfang, Qiongzhong, Baisha, Lingshui, Changjiang, Huan County and other places on Hainan Island. According to their forms of expression, Li folk songs can be divided into ancient folk songs sung in Li language and folk songs sung in Chinese Hainan dialect. The former embodies the national tradition of Li nationality, while the latter reflects the profound influence of Han culture. Li Folk Songs pay attention to rhythm and rhythm, easy to be catchy, mostly sing in the form of solo and duet, and are accompanied by Li Folk Music. Folk song singing is often associated with music and dance. It is a combination of music, music and dance, full of ancient style, showing distinct national characteristics.

Li folk songs have a long history. They are produced and spread in the Li inhabited areas of Hainan Island. The traditional folk songs of Li Nationality in Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County in the hinterland of Wuzhi Mountain and the surrounding areas are the most representative.

Now there are more than 300 kinds of Li Folk Songs, 30 of which are representative. According to the content, they can be divided into labor songs, love songs, political songs, Life songs, story songs and so on. They include luonitiao, siqindiao, shaozhongwa Diao and duduli Diao, which are named after the lining words; hongmaodiao, shuimantiao, sanpingdiao and fanyangdiao, which are named after the region; Gediao, qidiao and rundiao, which are named after the dialects; chashandiao, mourning Diao, qiushendiao and tiaonao, which are named after the content; Changdiao and jiandiao, which are named after the length of the tunes. The whole musical form of Li Folk Songs presents the style of freedom, simplicity and simplicity. It is characterized by the free style of "Song indefinite sentence, sentence indefinite word". The mode scale takes Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng and Yu as the backbone tone, with more steps. The rhythm and beat are characterized by loose plate and three beat, reflecting the unique style of national music.

In a long historical period, Li folk songs are the main content of Li people's cultural life, no matter men and women, old and young, everyone can sing. In 1984, the local government decided to hold the Li Folk Song Festival on the third day of March every year, which promoted the further development of Li Folk Songs. Li Folk Song is the crystallization of the collective wisdom of Li people, which has important reference value in the study of Lingnan local music and minority culture. At present, under the impact of popular culture, Qiongzhong Li folk songs are neglected and facing the crisis of complete extinction. We must take effective measures to rescue and protect, so that this excellent traditional folk music style can continue to be inherited.