Birch bark making technique (birch bark boat making technique of Oroqen nationality)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: birch bark craft (birch bark craft craft of Oroqen nationality)

Declaration area or unit: Daxing'anling area, Heilongjiang Province

Project No.: 433

Project No.: VIII - 83

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Heilongjiang Province

Type: Extension Project

Declaration area or unit: Daxing'anling area, Heilongjiang Province

Protection unit: Mass Art Museum of Daxing'anling area

Birch bark making technology (birch bark boat making technology of Oroqen nationality)

Declaration area or unit: Daxing'anling area, Heilongjiang Province

The Oroqen people have lived in baiyinna village of huma county and Shibazhan of Tahe County in Daxinganling region for generations. In baiyinna village and Shiba station, the Huma River flows through, with dense water network, and the annual average precipitation is about 400 mm. The abundant water system provides sufficient conditions for the summer fishing and hunting of the Oroqen nationality. In the process of hunting for a long time, the ancestors of Oroqen created a birch boat which is convenient for water activities.

Birch bark boat is a necessary means of transportation for the Oroqen people's summer fishing, hunting, production and life. It is called "aomuluqin" in Oroqen language. It is made of local materials and is easy to make. It uses the pine slats of Daxinganling as the skeleton, the birch bark growing in alpine regions as the hull, and then it is reinforced with pine nails. The whole ship does not need an iron nail. After molding, pine tree oil is applied on the seam, and after baking, the effect of tightness and impermeability can be achieved. Birch bark boat is like willow leaf. It is light, fast and easy to carry. It is a unique production and living tool for generations of Oroqen people.

The birch bark boat making technique of the Oroqen nationality has a long history, which is an important part of the birch culture in Northeast China. Due to the changes of the times, this ancient traditional craft is declining and needs to be protected.