Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province

Wenzhou City, referred to as "Wen" or "Ou", is a prefecture level city in Zhejiang Province, and an important business city and regional central city along the southeast coast approved by the State Council.. The city has 4 municipal districts, 3 county-level cities and 5 counties, with a total area of 11612.94 square kilometers, with a permanent population of 9 million 300 thousand people, a urbanization rate of 70.5%, a registered residence population of 8 million 324 thousand, and a resident population of 2 million 970 thousand.

Wenzhou is located in East China, southeast Zhejiang and the South Bank of the lower reaches of Oujiang River. It is adjacent to the East China Sea in the East, Fujian in the south, Lishui in the West and northwest, and Taizhou in the north and northeast. It is one of the 27 cities in the central area of the Yangtze River Delta. It is the cradle of Chinese mathematicians, the hometown of Chinese southern opera, the hometown of Chinese seafood and eggs, and the shoe capital of China Too many people.

Wenzhou is a national historical and cultural city, known as the "southeast landscape of the world" reputation. Wenzhou was the place of Ou in ancient times, also known as Dong'ou. It was built in 323 ad as Yongjia County. It is said that there was a white deer carrying flowers around the city, so it was named Lucheng. Wenzhou was first called Wenzhou in the Tang Dynasty (675 A.D.) and has a history of more than 2000 years. Wenzhou is the first place for the development of China's private economy and the forefront of reform and opening up. In the early stage of reform and opening up, it was famous for "Wuchuan in the South and Wenzhou in the north".

In 2017, China's top 100 cities ranked 37th. In December 2018, Wenzhou was selected as the top 30 best city in Chinese mainland in 2018. In 2019, the gross regional product will increase from 435.1 billion yuan in 2014 to 660.6 billion yuan, making it one of the top 30 cities in China. In 2020, Wenzhou's GDP will grow by 3.4% year on year, reaching 687.09 billion yuan.

The origin of place names

In the second year of Shangyuan (675) of Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty, Wenzhou was established in Chuzhou, which was the beginning of Wenzhou's name. According to the book of pictures quoted from Zhejiang Tongzhi: "Wenzhou is located in Wenqiao Shanxi Province, where many people are engaged in hot farming, though it is still in the middle of winter.". It means that Wenzhou is located in the south of wenqiaoling, with no severe cold in winter, no severe heat in summer and mild climate, so it is called Wenzhou.

In ancient times, Wenzhou was called Oudi, also known as "Dongou". In Tang Dynasty, Wenzhou was called "Ou" or "Wen" for short. Ou is a kind of pottery, about in the Neolithic age, Wenzhou lived in the original Ou people to make pottery. When Wenzhou students studying abroad saw that Hong Kong was called Hong Kong, they invented the name yujeu according to Ou language.

Wenzhou is famous for papermaking, shipbuilding, shoe leather, embroidery and lacquerware in history. It is also one of the birthplaces of Chinese Celadon. In the Northern Song Dynasty, it became an important port at that time and was opened as a foreign trade port by the imperial court. In the Southern Song Dynasty, maritime trade was particularly developed and it was one of the four major seaports. Now it is still the throat of goods in and out of southern Zhejiang and Northern Fujian. Guo Pu of Jin Dynasty described the terrain of Wenzhou as "Ou living in the sea" in the book of mountains and seas, which is one of the earliest written records about "Ou". According to the research of sun Yirang, a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, Xia was ou, Yin was ou, and Zhou was ou. Because of different characters, Ou began from Xia.

Evolution of organizational system

In the late Neolithic period (about 2500 BC), more than 100 Neolithic cultural sites have been found in Wenzhou, including stone plows, stone sickles, stone axes, stone axes, stone knives, stone chisels, stone arrowheads, stone net pendants, stone spears and spinning wheels. There are also pottery pieces with charcoal and coarse sand. The ancestors were engaged in fishing, hunting and farming.

In Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, Wenzhou was located in the east of Baiyue. In the seventh year of King Wei of Chu (333 BC), King Wei of Chu broke the state of Yue and killed the king of Yue. Some of the Yue people moved to Dongou to settle down.

In the 37th year of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty (221 BC), the king of Qin unified China and divided the whole country into 36 counties. Wenzhou belongs to Minzhong county.

In the third year of Huidi in the Western Han Dynasty (192 BC), Huidi Liu Yingli became the king of the East China Sea, with the capital of Dongou. Wenzhou belongs to Donghai state (commonly known as Dongou state).

In the third year of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty (138 BC), the state of Dongou was destroyed.

In the second year of the first Yuan Dynasty (85 BC), Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty belonged to Huipu County, Kuaiji county.

In the first year of Zhangdi Zhanghe in the Eastern Han Dynasty (87), it was Dongou Township in zhangan county.

In the third year of Yonghe (138), Emperor Shun of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yongning County was set up in Dongou township of an County. In the west, Yongning County was also a prefecture with less than 10000 households. The county began on the North Bank of Oujiang River, which was the beginning of Wenzhou County.

In 323, the first year of Taining, the Ming emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Yongjia County was set up in the south of wenqiaoling, Linhai County, which governed Yongning, Angu, Hengyang and Songyang counties. Yongning County was built on the South Bank of Oujiang River.

In 422, the third year of Yongchu period of Emperor Wu of Song Dynasty in Southern Dynasty, Xie Lingyun demoted Ning Yongjia, traversed all counties, and became the originator of landscape poetry. A few years ago, Zheng Jizhi wrote Yongjia Qun Ji, which is the earliest local chronicle of Wenzhou. Today, it is a volume compiled by sun Yirang.

In 589, Yongning County, Angu County, Hengyang County and Lecheng county were merged into Yongjia County. Three years later, Chuzhou was renamed kuozhou. State governance is located in Kuocang (today's Lishui City).

In 607, kuozhou was changed into Yongjia County, which was still governed by Kuocang. It has jurisdiction over Yongjia, Kuocang, Songyang and Linhai counties, with 10542 households.

In 621, Yongjia County was changed into kuozhou. In 622, Yongjia County of kuozhou was established as dongjiazhou, with jurisdiction over Yongjia, Angu, Lecheng and Hengyang counties. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), dongjiazhou was abolished and attached to kuozhou again.

In 675, Yongjia and Angu counties were established in Wenzhou.

In the first year of Tianbao (742) of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, Wenzhou was changed into Yongjia County, with jurisdiction over four counties.

In the first year of Qianyuan (758) of emperor suzong of Tang Dynasty, Yongjia County was rebuilt as Wenzhou.

After the Wuchang Uprising in 1911, Wenzhou formed a military and political branch government on November 29, and Xu Ding was appointed as the temporary governor.

In July of 1912, Wenzhou government was established. In June 1914, ouhaidao was set up. It has jurisdiction over Wenzhou and Chuzhou. Daoyin office is located in Yongjia County, Zhejiang Province. In 1932, Wenzhou district was established as the tenth County supervision district in Zhejiang Province. The office of the inspector general was located in Yongjia County. Later, it was renamed the fourth, third, Yongjia and eighth special administrative supervision districts. In April 1948, it was renamed the fifth administrative supervision district. On May 7, 1949, Wenzhou was peacefully liberated and Wenzhou military control committee was established; on August 26, the fifth special district was established and Wenzhou City was established.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it was renamed Wenzhou District Office of commissioner. Since then, the name and jurisdiction of the county have changed.

In September 1981, Wenzhou area and Wenzhou City merged to establish Wenzhou City, implementing the system of city governing county.

administrative division

Division evolution

On September 12, 1981, Ouhai county was set up in the suburb of Wenzhou.

In January 1984, six townships in suburban areas were classified as urban areas, known as Lucheng.

On February 2, 1984, Longwan District was built in the suburbs of Zhuangyuan Town, Longwan Township and Huangshi and Huangshan villages in Yongzhong Town, Ouhai county.

On April 18, 1987, Ruian county was changed into Ruian City (county level).

On March 9, 1992, Ouhai county was changed into a district.

On September 18, 1993, Yueqing county was changed into Yueqing City (county level).

In 2015, the State Council agreed to abolish Dongtou County and establish Dongtou District of Wenzhou City. Lingkun street in Longwan District of Wenzhou City was put under the jurisdiction of Dongtou District, and the administrative area of Dongtou district was the former administrative area of Dongtou County and Lingkun street in Longwan District. Dongtou District People's government is located at No. 12, Xianqian Road, Beiao street.

On August 27, 2019, Longgang town of Cangnan County will be abolished, and the administrative region of Longgang city will be the former administrative region of Longgang town. Longgang city is directly under the provincial government, and Wenzhou City is in charge of it.

Zoning details

Wenzhou has 12 county-level administrative regions, including 4 municipal districts, 3 county-level cities and 5 counties, including Lucheng District, Longwan District, Ouhai District, Dongtou District, Ruian City, Yueqing City, Longgang City, Yongjia County, Pingyang County, Cangnan County, Wencheng County and Taishun County. Wenzhou Municipal People's government is located at 321 Xiushan Road, Lucheng District.

geographical environment

Location context

Wenzhou is located in the southeast of Zhejiang Province, bordering on the East China Sea in the East, Fuding, Zherong and Shouning counties in Ningde area of Fujian Province in the south, Jinyun, Qingtian and Jingning She autonomous counties in Lishui area in the west, Xianju, Huangyan, Wenling and Yuhuan counties in Taizhou area in the North and northeast. The whole area is between 27 ° 03 '- 28 ° 36'n and 119 ° 37' - 121 ° 18'e. The terrain inclines from west to East. In the west, it belongs to the middle mountain area of southern Zhejiang. In the East, it is gradually reduced to hilly land, and in the East, it is coastal plain. The total land area of the city is 11784 square kilometers, and the area within the 200 meter isobath of the sea area is 66700 square kilometers.

topographic features

The landform of Wenzhou City is influenced by geological structure, and the terrain inclines from west to East in a ladder shape. The Donggong mountain range extends from the northeast of Fujian Province to Taishun and Wencheng counties, and the Kuocang mountain range extends from the west of Yongjia to the northeast to Huangyan and Xianju, with an altitude of more than 1000 meters. Due to faulting, it forms a towering Zhongshan Mountain. Parallel to them, the South Yandang Mountain range and the North Yandang Mountain range are gradually reduced into low mountains and hills below 1000 meters. To the East, there are alluvial and marine plains, on which there are isolated hills and hills. There are two kinds of coast: the base stone and the silt. As rivers intersect with mountains, estuaries are often drowned. Coastal islands are the continuation of mountains into the sea. They are all continental islands. Between the coast and the sea, there are wide or narrow beaches, which are new land.

climate

Wenzhou is a mid subtropical monsoon climate zone with significant alternation of winter and summer monsoon, moderate temperature, four distinct seasons and abundant rainfall. The annual average temperature is 17.3-19.4 ℃, and the average temperature in January is 4.5 ℃