Nadam

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Nadam

Applicant: Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Item No.: 496

Project No.: Ⅹ - 48

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: folk customs

Region: Qinghai Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Protection unit: national cultural activity center of Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Mass Art Museum of Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture)

About Nadam:

Applicant: Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province

Nadam is a traditional mass meeting of Mongolian people. Nadam of Haixi Mongolian people in Qinghai Province is held in Delingha, Wulan, Dulan, Golmud, Dachaidan, Mangya and other areas of Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in turn. Haixi Mongolian Nadam originated from the sacrificial activities of 29 banners of Qinghai Lake Mongolian. The sacrificial activities began in the tenth year of Tianbao (751) of Tang Dynasty. At that time, the emperor conferred the God of Qinghai Lake as guangkuang Gong and sent envoys to sacrifice. The traditional Nadam of the Mongolian nationality in Haixi shows the joy of the local people in celebrating the harvest. The various forms of activities included in the Nadam are the epitome of the production mode, religious belief and folk customs of the Mongolian nationality in Haixi for hundreds of years.

Nadam is a traditional Mongolian festival in Xinjiang. It is popular in Hejing County, Bohu county and Heshuo County of Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, bukesaer Mongolian Autonomous County and some counties (cities) of Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture. According to Genghis Khan's stone inscriptions, as early as 1225, after Genghis Khan defeated hualazimo in the western expedition, a grand Nadam meeting was held in buhasuqi sea. Xinjiang Mongolian Nadam is held every year on June 23 of the Gregorian calendar for one to three days. Traditional events include folk dance performance, Mongolian Long Tune singing, jiangger rap, folk musical instrument playing, Handicraft Exhibition, national costume performance and wrestling. With the development of society, the form and content of Nadam are constantly enriched. In addition to the traditional horse racing, archery and wrestling competitions, there are also some contents, such as carrying sheep, national costume performance, jianger singing, bonfire party, art performance and Handicraft Exhibition.

Rooted in the traditional Mongolian culture, Mongolian Nadam reflects the real features of politics, economy, production, life, folk custom, religion and other aspects of different Mongolian living areas in different historical periods from various angles and in all directions, which has the research value of ethnology, folklore, history and culture.