Lacquerware painting technique (Huizhou lacquerware painting technique)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: lacquerware painting technique (Huizhou lacquerware painting technique)

Applicant: Tunxi District, Huangshan City, Anhui Province

Project No.: 910

Project No.: VIII - 127

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Anhui Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Tunxi District, Huangshan City, Anhui Province

Protection unit: Huangshan Huiqi Technology Co., Ltd

Brief introduction of lacquerware painting and decoration technology (Huizhou lacquerware painting and decoration technology)

Applicant: Tunxi District, Huangshan City, Anhui Province

Huizhou lacquerware was mainly produced in Shexian county and Yansi (now Huizhou area) of Anhui Province in the early stage, with a history of more than 1000 years. Among them, Luodian lacquerware was quite mature in the Song Dynasty, known as "Song inlay". Pineapple lacquer was used as tribute ware in the Southern Song Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, lacquer craft developed unprecedentedly, and the lacquer carving, lacquer painting, gold lacquer, carving and filling, bronze, Luodian, and Baibao inlay were all in a state of spectacular competition. Huang Cheng, a painter of Huizhou in Ming Dynasty, summed up his experience in lacquerware making and wrote xiushilu, which is the only monograph of lacquerware handed down to the present in ancient China. The book also spread to Japan through cultural exchanges, which had a certain impact on the production of folk handicrafts in Japan.

The main raw materials used in Huizhou lacquerware are raw lacquer (plant lacquer), tung oil, wood, linen, shells, jade of various natural colors, gold powder, gold foil, ox bone, tile ash, cotton paper, pig blood, etc. Huizhou lacquerware painting technology and traditional Chinese lacquerware technology are in the same line, are produced around the natural color stone, shells, cattle bones, eggshells, pearls, etc. with sawing, carving, open grain method inlaid on the lacquer plate. Painted lacquerware can be formed by painting patterns on the base color of lacquerware with colored lacquer, and flat ground Luodian lacquerware can be formed by inlaying shells on the lacquerware plate and making them as flat as the lacquerware plate after polishing.

In 1959, several old painters from Tunxi craft factory went to the capital to make a lacquer painting screen "Baizi Tu" for the Anhui Hall of the Great Hall of the people. In 1978, Huizhou lacquerware workers studied and copied the long lost lacquer sand inkstone. Pineapple lacquer sand inkstone and color stone inlaid screen produced in Huizhou have won the "Hundred Flowers Award" of the Ministry of light industry of the people's Republic of China.

With the changes of modern social life, the sales of lacquerware products have decreased sharply. In addition, the lacquerware painting and decoration technique is complex, the study time is long, and the working conditions are hard. Now few people are willing to engage in this industry. In this case, there is a serious lack of successors in Huizhou lacquer painting skills, which needs to be protected.