Guangxi Wenchang

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Guangxi Wenchang

Applicant: Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Item No.: 780

Project No.: Ⅴ - 87

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Type: new item

Applicant: Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Protection unit: Guilin Academy of drama creation (Guilin intangible cultural heritage protection and inheritance Center)

Introduction to Guangxi Wenchang

Applicant: Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Guangxi Wenchang, also known as "Wenchang", "wenwanzi", "Wenchang", "Xiaoqu", "Zadiao", "Yangqin Xiaodiao" and "Yingge Xiaodiao", originated in the middle of Qing Dynasty and has a history of more than 200 years. It is popular in northern Guangxi Mandarin area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, especially in Guilin, Liuzhou, Yishan, Pingle, Lipu and other places.

There are many singing forms in Guangxi Wenchang, such as "sitting singing" performed by several people, "standing singing" performed by one person, "walking singing" combined with singing and doing "and" hanging clothes "in Wenchang. In the long-term development process, Guangxi Wenchang has gradually formed two art schools: "guangpai" and "blind Pai". The former is famous for its gorgeous and colorful voice, while the latter pursues simple and profound singing style.

Guangxi Wenchang music includes major aria, minor aria, big and small gate, introduction, tail and stage music. Major aria includes "Yuediao", "tanhuang", "Sixian" and "nanci", commonly known as "four major Tunes". Minor aria has more than 50 tunes, such as "parasitic grass", "inverted oar", "dock tune", "Yangzhou red", "water Pipa" and "scolding Yulang" Qu Pai. The traditional accompaniment instruments are Yangqin, pipa, xiaosanxian, huqin and dizi, which are called "wuwuwutou". Later, Diaohu, erhu, zhongruan and other instruments are added; while the percussion instruments include Banzi, drum, dish, wine cup and so on. Guangxi Wenchang's accompaniment and singing are integrated. Before the beginning of singing, there is a "guoban", also known as "Yinzi". There is a small guoban between the sentences, and the small guoban of the major and minor tunes are basically the same. Most of the tunes are transplanted to Guangxi folk music and the cross stage music of Guiju opera, which are used in the performance of Wenchang. They are fresh, graceful and smooth.

Guangxi Wenchang has a number of excellent traditional repertoire, including more than ten complete sets of libretto such as Pipa Ji, Xixiangji and a dream of Red Mansions, more than 60 single libretto such as shuangxiashan and Wangpo scolding chicken, and nearly 100 passages such as wuertan elder brother and Princess drunk. At present, Guangxi Wenchang art has been declining, and there is no successor. It is in urgent need of protection to facilitate its inheritance.