Flower drum lamp (Yingshang flower drum lamp)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: huagudeng (Yingshang huagudeng)

Applicant: Yingshang County, Anhui Province

Item No.: 109

Project No.: Ⅲ - 6

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional dance

Region: Anhui Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Yingshang County, Anhui Province

Protection unit: Yingshang huagudeng Art Troupe Co., Ltd

Flower drum lamp (Yingshang flower drum lamp)

Applicant: Yingshang County, Anhui Province

Huagudeng is a kind of folk dance of Han nationality, which combines dance, lantern song, music of gongs and drums, plot duet and emotional group dance perfectly. According to historical data, huagudeng originated in Song Dynasty at the latest. After the development of yuan, Ming, Qing and the Republic of China, to the 1930s and 1940s, it formed a distribution area with Bengbu, Huainan and Fuyang in Anhui Province as the center, radiating more than 20 counties and cities in Henan, Anhui, Shandong and Jiangsu provinces in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River.

Flower drum lanterns are usually performed in rural areas from the end of autumn harvest to the spring ploughing next year, especially at temple fairs and spring fairs. The male role of huagudeng is called "gujia", while the female role is called "Lanhua" (or "Lahua"); the performances are mostly held in the square; they generally include four parts: dance, singing, backcourt drama, Gong and drum performance, and the main part is dance; the dance also includes "dahuachang" (or "Dachang"), xiaohuachang (or "Xiaochang") and "Pangu"; Dachang is a kind of collective emotion Xu dance is performed by several people to more than ten people; "Xiaochang" is a duet or three person dance, which mainly shows young men and women's love and play, including basic program performance and improvisation performance. Simple plot and character dance, such as "grab handkerchief" and "grab bench", is the core part of huagudeng dance; "Pangu" is dance, martial arts and skills The combination of performance and the performance form with the characteristics of plastic arts. Backcourt drama is a kind of small song and dance drama combining song and dance, including "four masters sitting in a sedan chair", "push the car", "little peddler" and so on. At present, the performance style of huagudeng is mainly divided into three schools: Yingshang area, slow rhythm, rigorous dance structure, ancient and simple style; Fengtai area, focusing on the emotional portrayal of characters, delicate and beautiful movements; Huaiyuan area, light and vigorous movements, natural and graceful.

Yingshang flower drum lantern is an art form created by the working people and handed down from generation to generation. It originated in the vast rural areas of the Huaihe River Basin, and is mainly popular in more than 20 counties and cities along the Huaihe River.

The main content of Yingshang flower drum lantern is to express people's good wishes for political harmony, peace and stability of the country and the people, good weather and a long life, to show the courtesy, diligence and bravery of Huaihe people, to show the pure and simple love of young men and women, and to show people's persistence and yearning for a happy life.

In addition to the similarities between Yingshang Huagu lantern and Huainan and Bengbu Huagu lantern in theme, form, music and dance, Yingshang Huagu lantern also has its own characteristics. It has strong dynamic dance, fast and powerful rhythm, full action charm, fast and sharp speed, frequent posture changes, fiery and exuberant performance scenes, cheerful and passionate actors, rough and high pitched singing, grand and magnificent performance atmosphere and rich local characteristics.

Yingshang flower drum lantern performers are composed of several drum pegs and wax flower antithesis. They are usually led by the first drum pegs (called cha San BA), which mainly include Da Hua Chang (run Da Chang) and Xiao Hua Chang (run Xiao Chang).

Yingshang huagudeng mostly improvises, mostly percussion with gongs and drums (commonly used drums, gongs, cymbals, small gongs, etc.). Gongs and drums have no music, and most of them are improvised, changing with the dance. The music mostly adopts the national pentatonic scale, and the mixed modes of Gong Heyu and Zheng are commonly used.

Yingshang huagudeng has a number of traditional dance programs with characters and plots, such as "grab bench", "grab handkerchief", "Youchun" and some representative folk artists.

Yingshang flower drum lantern art enthusiasm, bold, beautiful, delicate, fully embodies the characteristics of Han folk song and dance. In recent years, he has been invited to participate in international art exchange activities for many times, which has produced extensive influence.