Guozhuang dance (Manai Guozhuang)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Guozhuang dance (Manai Guozhuang)

Applicant: Jinchuan County, Sichuan Province

Item No.: 123

Project No.: Ⅲ - 20

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional dance

Region: Sichuan Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Jinchuan County, Sichuan Province

Protected by: Jinchuan Cultural Center

Guozhuang dance (Manai Guozhuang)

Applicant: Jinchuan County, Sichuan Province

Guozhuang dance is a popular folk dance type in Tibetan areas. With the development of Tibetan society and history, it has changed constantly. It not only reflects the working conditions such as beating highland barley, twisting wool, feeding livestock and making wine, but also shows the Tibetan customs and customs, and performs when men get married, women get married, new houses are built and guests are welcomed.

Guozhuang dance can be divided into old Guozhuang dance and new Guozhuang dance. The old Guozhuang dance has the nature of sacrifice. It can only sing special lyrics without any changes. The dance is slow, steady, simple and solemn. Xinguozhuang mostly reflects the activities of agriculture and animal husbandry production, business and trade, and its lyrics and dance movements are relatively flexible. According to the different popular regions, Guozhuang dance can be divided into Ganzi Guozhuang, Manai Guozhuang and other categories. Generally, there is no limit to the number of people in Guozhuang dance, either one or more. Men and women in a circle, face inside the circle, dancing. The dance steps include "Guozhuo" and "kuzhuo", the former is walking dance, the latter is turn dance.

Manai Guozhuang has been popular in Jinchuan County of Sichuan Province for a long time. It originated from the period when Bon built Yongzhong lading temple in Jinchuan (the year of Tibetan dog), and has a history of more than 1000 years. Manai Guozhuang was originally a sacrificial activity of the Bon religion. The performance integrated the content of the Bon culture and formed a special program. For example, before the performance, we had to invite the eminent monks of the Bon religion to chant scriptures, simmer mulberry (burning cypress branches) to offer sacrifices to Mt. maerduo.

Before the performance of Manai Guozhuang, you need to present precious animal skins and antlers to the tribal leaders and chieftains, or present hada to the relatives who are going to fight, hoping that they will return soon. In modern times, it was changed into a female leader to present hada and PAZI to the male leader, hoping that he could lead the dance team to perform well in Guozhuang. In recent years, after continuous innovation, one or two jars of Zajiu were put on the scene before the performance, and the highly respected artists made a speech to start the performance and ignited Baizhi at the same time.

During the performance of Manai Guozhuang, the male and female dance teams sang a long and graceful song in unison. The male and female lead dancers came to the center of the venue with the song. The female lead dancer held hada in both hands and presented hada to the male lead dancer after the three bows. The male lead dancer also performed the three bows. The performance officially began. The combination of movement and stillness and the alternation of movement and stillness in Manai Guozhuang dance are rare in ethnic minority dance. The rhyme of the libretto is rigorous, the words and sentences are in the form of seven character sentences and eight character sentences, the melody is pentatonic seven tone scale, the angular mode, the melody is beautiful and smooth, and the fluctuation is not big. The costume of Manai Guozhuang is a three piece suit, which is different from other Guozhuang. The outermost layer is a black-and-white cape with a length of 1.8 meters and a width of 1.3 meters. In modern times, it has been changed into red and white. The second layer is a Tibetan robe with a large skirt, and the innermost layer is a colorful white pleated skirt.

With the change of the times, people's feelings for Guozhuang have become increasingly indifferent. Related rescue and protection work has a long way to go.