story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Jingyun Dagu

Applicant: Beijing Song and dance theater Co., Ltd

Project No.: 741

Project No.: Ⅴ - 48

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Beijing

Type: new item

Applicant: Beijing Song and dance theater Co., Ltd

Protection unit: Beijing quyi troupe Co., Ltd

Introduction to Jingyun drum

Applicant: Beijing Song and dance theater Co., Ltd

Jingyun Dagu is mainly popular in Beijing, Tianjin, North China and Northeast China. In history, it once had the names of "Jingyin Dagu" and "Xiaokou Dagu". At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Hu Jintang (stage name "Hu Shi"), Huo Mingliang, song Yukun (stage name "Song Wu") and later Liu Baoquan reformed the wooden drum in Hejian area of Hebei Province, adding Sihu and Pipa as accompaniment with the original Sanxian. At the same time, they changed the Hejian dialect to Beijing dialect, and absorbed the pronunciation and enunciation skills of Beijing opera The song version of "Qingyin Zidishu", which was popular among the children of the Eight Banners in the Qing Dynasty, was widely used in the singing, thus forming the unique Jingyun drum.

Jingyun Dagu is a combination of speaking and singing. It is popular with both refined and popular tastes. The singing is often multi-purpose, and the performance focuses on freehand brushwork. Once it came out, it quickly conquered the audience with the style of combining hardness and softness. In the following decades, this kind of music continued to mature, with the emergence of Bai school founded by Bai Yunpeng and Luo school founded by Luo Yusheng. The lyrics of Jingyun Dagu basically use seven character sentences. Sometimes embedded words, interlinked words and stacked sentences are added to the sentences. Each lyrics has about 150 sentences. Its rhyme is based on the thirteen rules of Beijing phonetics, and most of a aria has one rhyme to the end. The rhyme emphasizes the tone and charm, half talking and half singing, and the connection with the singing is very natural. During the performance, one person stood singing and beat the drum plate to master the rhythm. There were three people playing big Sanxian, Sihu and pipa, sometimes accompanied by low Hu.

Jingyun Dagu pays attention to singing, and its singing style belongs to banqiang style, specializing in short stories. Its repertoire mainly includes more than 100 pieces of traditional narrative works, scenery Lyric paragraphs and new modern and historical works, such as "single sword meeting", "battle in Changsha", "Baidi city", "Ci tangqin", "Tan Qingwen", "Daiyu burning manuscript", "wind and rain returning to the boat". After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Jingyun drum has made great progress and trained generations of young actors. But at present, this kind of music has appeared the situation of lack of successors, which is in urgent need of protection and inheritance.