Dai Zhangha

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Dai Zhangha

Applicant: Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Project No.: 280

Project No.: V - 44

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Yunnan Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Protection unit: cultural center of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture

Introduction to Dai Zhangha

Applicant: Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Zhangha, also known as "zanha", is a traditional form of Dai Folk Art singing. It is popular in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture in the southern border of Yunnan Province, Jiangcheng, Menglian, Jinggu and other Dai villages in Simao City. It is also sung among Bulang people who live adjacent to Dai people. Zhang HA is not only the title of singer, but also the name of Quyi.

The specific performance forms of Zhang HA can be divided into solo and duet, in which duet has the nature of competition. Due to the different accompaniment instruments, the performance can also be divided into two forms. One is accompanied by the Dai stringed instrument Ding, which mainly includes folk songs and love songs, and tells the young man's love for the girl, which is called "hasseting"; the other is accompanied by the single reed wind instrument, which is called "hasseting". Zhang ha's singing includes not only impromptu singing, but also stylized blessing songs, prayer songs, and narrative long songs in fixed books. Its melody is closely related to the intonation of singing words, and the combination of recitation and singing has the characteristics of soft and lyric.

Zhangha plays an irreplaceable role in the Dai People's social life. Its performances are very extensive, and artists are invited to sing Zhangha on many festive occasions, such as the Dai People's new year, the closing door Festival, the opening door Festival, the sacrifice to the village god, the Buddha and the new house celebration, the wedding ceremony, the children's full moon and so on.

Zhangha has many songs, myths and legends of Dai nationality. During its prosperous period, it produced famous artists such as Kang langshuan, Kang langying and Bo Yuwen. In recent years, the older generation of Zhangha singers are gradually getting old and dying one after another. In addition, the process of urbanization in Dai areas is speeding up, and various forms of foreign art and entertainment are pouring into Dai areas. The custom of listening to Zhangha among Dai people is far from the past. Now there is no famous Zhang ha singer, and some long singing content is gradually lost. Zhang ha's survival is facing crisis, which needs to be effectively protected.