Northeast Errenzhuan

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Northeast Errenzhuan

Applicant: Jilin Province

Item No.: 271

Project No.: V - 35

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: quyi

Region: Jilin Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Jilin Province

Protection unit: Jilin Art Research Institute (Jilin Province cultural industry special type of work professional skill appraisal station, Jilin province northeast Errenzhuan Museum, Jilin Province Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center)

Introduction to northeast Errenzhuan

Applicant: Jilin Province

Errenzhuan is a widely influential form of folk art singing. Because it is performed with singing and dancing, the old name is "Tiao Tiao". It is mainly popular in Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang provinces and the eastern part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is generally believed that it was formed in the middle of Qing Dynasty by the combination of northeast Yangko and lianhualuo from Guannei. In its development, it has extensively absorbed the singing and performance skills of sister arts such as northeast folk songs, Taiping drum, northeast drum, etc., and the singing tunes are extremely rich.

Errenzhuan not only has the form of "double play" as the main body and "group singing" of multi person singing performance, but also has the form of "single play" and "pull stage play" which belong to the genre of small play and are played by actors. As a kind of folk art, Errenzhuan's "double play" and "group singing" are performed by Party A and Party B dressed up as once a clown, singing and dancing, and performing as a rap and singing performance in a branch, or many people holding different accompaniment instruments in a branch. Its singing music is very rich, known as "nine tunes and eighteen tunes, 72 Keke". The commonly used singing tunes include [Huhu tune], [trumpet brand], [wenkeke], [wukeke], [sanjieban], [Baoban], [sipingdiao], [wuzijin], [hongliuzi], etc., accompanied by Banhu, suona, Zhuban, etc. Errenzhuan's lyrics are mainly composed of seven and ten characters, with both long and short sentence patterns. The performance stresses the comprehensive application of four skills of singing, speaking, doing and dancing. Among them, the singing skills stress "words, sentences, taste, Baner, tune and vigor", which are high pitched, hot and pleasant to listen to. The speaking skills are divided into "shuokou", "Chengkou" (also known as taokou) and "zero Kou", which are ugly and funny, and most of them use rhymes, but also words and numbers Bangong is humorous in language and amusing; Gonggong (also known as disguise Gong) emphasizes the use of posture and movement to assist singing, and emphasizes the comprehensive use of hand, eye, body, method and step; the dance mainly focuses on Northeast dayangge dance, and also absorbs the elements of other folk dances and martial arts, The stage effect is very lively.

With the different popular regions, Errenzhuan has formed four schools: East Road, West Road, South Road and North Road. Among them, the east road takes Jilin City as the center and is good at performing colorful sticks with martial arts elements; the west road takes Heishan County in Liaoning Province as the center and pays attention to Bantou and singing; the south road takes Yingkou in Liaoning Province as the center and pays equal attention to singing and dancing; the north road takes Beidahuang in Heilongjiang Province as the center and pursues the beautiful and moving singing. Therefore, in history, there were Errenzhuan's "relying on waves in the south, singing in the north, Bantou in the West and singing in the East" "Play the stick" is a popular saying. Later, all kinds of performances learn from each other and integrate with each other. The focus of performance is no longer as clear as before.

The traditional programs of Errenzhuan are blue bridge, Xixiang, Baogong compensate, yangbajie Youchun, zhubajie Gongdi and so on. After the founding of new China, new programs such as "three chickens", "meet girl", "Liu Chuntao" and "harvest bridge" appeared. Since the 20th century, the influential representative artists of Errenzhuan include Xu Xiaolou, Lang Yanfang and Xiao Lanzhi in Liaoning Province, Cheng Xifa, Li Qingshan and Gu Bailin in Jilin Province, Guo Wenbao, Li Tai and Hu Jingqi in Heilongjiang Province.

For a long time, Errenzhuan has been deeply loved by the northeast people, especially the farmers. There is a popular saying among the people in Northeast China that "it is better to give up a meal than to give up the Errenzhuan".