Hainan opera

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: qiongju Opera

Applicant: Hainan qiongju Theater

Project No.: 731

Project No.: Ⅳ - 130

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Hainan Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Hainan qiongju Theater

Protection unit: Hainan qiongju Theater

Introduction to Qiong Opera:

Applicant: Hainan qiongju Theater

Qiong opera is the only local opera in Hainan Province. It was called "local opera" or "Hainan opera" in Qing Dynasty, "Zhai" in Qiongshan and Haikou, and "Qiongzhou opera" and "Qiongyin" by overseas Chinese. It was named "Qiong opera" and appeared in the written language in 1936.

During the Xianfeng Period of Qing Dynasty, banghuang tune was introduced into Hainan. Qiong opera gradually developed and updated on the basis of absorbing foreign opera art, and evolved into a local opera type with banqiang as the main body, a small number of Qupai as well as singing in Hainan dialect. At the same time, there are a large number of plays written by Qiong opera artists. Around the 23rd year of Guangxu (1897), Junxi and qinglouxi declined and merged into qiongju troupe, forming the system of Wenwu troupe. Qiongju opera was divided into two systems: Wenxi Laoshi and Wuxi Laoshi. During the period of the Republic of China, Qiong opera changed its singing style and moved towards realism. After the founding of new China, Qiong opera ushered in a new era of reform and development. It has excavated and sorted out a large number of traditional repertoire, singing, Qupai and performance program, compiled a number of new repertoire, and innovated a number of characteristic banqiang. Its business system has also been simplified to five major lines: living, Dan, Jing, Chou and the last.

Qiong opera is a kind of local opera culture which has been developed and inherited by Hainan people from generation to generation. It has an important influence on the development of Hainan in history, and has important research value in anthropology, folklore, regional culture and the history of international cultural exchange.