Hanju opera

Chinese national intangible cultural heritage: Han Opera

Applicant: Wuhan City, Hubei Province

Project No.: 174

Project No.: Ⅳ - 30

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Hubei Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Wuhan City, Hubei Province

Protection unit: Wuhan Han Opera Theater

Introduction to Han Opera:

Applicant: Wuhan City, Hubei Province

Han Opera, formerly known as chudiao and handiao, also known as chuqiang and Chuqu, was initially formed during the reign of KangQian in the Qing Dynasty and further matured during the reign of Jiadao. It has a history of more than 300 years. It is popular in Hubei, as far as Hunan, Henan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Guangdong, Anhui, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Shanxi and other provinces.

Xipi and Erhuang are the main tunes in Han Opera, which are the first combination of xipi and Erhuang, enriching and perfecting the expressive function of banqiang music. There are more than 400 tunes, including suona, dizi and Sixian. The accompanying musical instruments include huqin, erhu, Yueqin, Sanxian, dizi, pipa, suona, gongs, cymbals, etc., and the "Chuanda" with horse gongs has formed certain characteristics. Han Opera is rich in repertoire, which is known as 800. Now there are more than 650. More than 300 popular repertoires are mainly based on historical romance and legends. The representative repertoires include Shuang Jinzhong, Liang Langshan, shengshengshengban, dahuagu, shentaoda, heyinpai, zhelihu, yuzhoufeng, naojinjie and kuzumiao 》And so on.

The roles and professions of Han Opera are relatively complete, which are divided into ten major lines: the end, the net, the life, the Dan, the ugly, the outside, the small, the paste, the husband and the miscellaneous. All walks of life have their own performance procedures, which have a great influence on the enrichment and development of brothers' operas. In the development of Han Opera, many outstanding artists such as Mi Yingxian, Yu Sansheng, Yu Hongyuan, Dong Yaojie, Li Caiyun, Li chunsen, Wu Tianbao, Chen Bohua and so on have emerged, especially the Wu (Tianbao) school and Chen (Bohua) School of performing arts formed after liberation, which represent the peak of the development of Han Opera and have a great influence in the whole country.

In the history of the development of Chinese opera, Han Opera has made special contributions to the formation of Beijing opera, and also has different degrees of influence on Sichuan Opera, Yunnan opera, GUI opera, Hunan opera, Guangdong opera, Gan opera and other local operas. It is an important historical material for the study of opera banqiang system and the evolution of opera music structure, as well as a resource for artistic innovation. Since the 1960s, there has been a sharp decrease in the number of Han Opera Troupes in various places. Up to now, there are only two professional Han Opera Troupes in Hubei Province. Many plays and traditional skills are being lost with the death of old artists, which are in urgent need of rescue and protection.