Awati County, Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

"Awati" in Awati county is a Uyghur transliteration, meaning "prosperity". Awati County, formerly known as "Duolang", is the hometown of "Duolang people" (ancient Uygur tribe). Later, a large number of farmers moved here, the population increased rapidly, the cultivated land became more and more extensive, and the appearance changed day by day, so they changed their name to Awati.

Awati county belongs to Aksu region of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It is an important grain, cotton and fruit base in the region, covering an area of 13259 square kilometers. It governs 5 townships, 3 towns, 3 farms, 118 villages, 7 neighborhood committees, 34 companies and more than 80 animal husbandry sites. There are also some farms of the first agricultural division of XPCC. In 2012, the county had a population of 245800, including 22 ethnic groups, including Uygur, Han, Hui, Kazak, Kirgiz, Uzbek, Mongolian, Xibe, Russian and Manchu.

Awati county is located in the Midwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the southwest of Aksu region, the northwest edge of Tarim Basin and the south foot of Tianshan Mountain, between 39 ° 31 '- 40 ° 50' n and 79 ° 45 '- 81 ° 05' E. It borders Aksu City in the East and North, Keping County in the west, Bachu County in the southwest, Taklimakan Desert in the south, and Luopu and Moyu counties in the border. It is 100 kilometers wide from east to west and 150 kilometers long from north to south, with a total area of 13259 square kilometers.

In 2013, the GDP of Awati County reached 3.33 billion yuan, an increase of 15.3% over 2011. The proportion of three industrial structure is 41.8:16.1:42.1. The per capita GDP was 14523 yuan, an increase of 22.8% over 2011.

Awati county is a national high-quality cotton production base, a famous Chinese Cotton City, the hometown of Chinese long staple cotton, the hometown of Chinese musalais and the hometown of Duolang culture.

Historical evolution

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the oasis in the northern part of the county was the marginal zone of the western regions of Gumo and Wensu. in the Western Han Dynasty, the capital of the western regions was set up, and the county was its territory. in Tang Dynasty, it belonged to the prefecture of Anxi capital. The Southern Song Dynasty belongs to the Western Liao Dynasty. The Yuan Dynasty was the western part of bieshabali. In the ninth year of Zhengde (1514) of the Ming Dynasty, saidehan established the Yeerqiang khanate, which was under the jurisdiction of saidehan. In 1748, the southern Xinjiang was annexed by the Junggar tribe, and the oasis in the northern part of the county was subordinate to the Junggar tribe. In 1758, after the local leaders of Aksu submitted their surrender to the Qing army, the county was under the jurisdiction of the Minister of Aksu appointed by the Qing government. in 1782, the Qing government sent a minister to govern Aksu, and the county was under its jurisdiction. In the third year of tongzhi (1864), Agubo led the invading army to occupy Aksu and set up the reactionary colonial regime of "zhedeshar" (meaning seven city state), with the county as its servitude. Guangxu nine years (1883), the county for Wensu Zhili part of the state, under the jurisdiction of Aksu road. in 1902, the oasis in the northern part of the county was inhabited by people, and the place was wensufu, which belonged to Awati village, Baishi Airike village, yimampaxia village, yujimai village and yingairike village. in 1913, Wensu Prefecture was changed into Aksu County, and Awati was most of the third, fourth and fifth districts under the jurisdiction of Aksu county. in 1922, Aksu county was set up as a sub County of Awati, and three districts were governed by the county assistant. In 1930, Awati county was changed into a county, which was designated as a third class County under the jurisdiction of Aksu District administrative office. In 1944, it was designated as a second-class county. after the founding of the people's Republic of China, Awati county was under the jurisdiction of Aksu District Commissioner's office. in 1958, Aksu County Baishi airik commune and yingairik commune were divided into Awati county. In 1971, Awati county was under the jurisdiction of Aksu District administrative office.

administrative division

In 2011, Awati County governs 5 townships and 3 towns, namely, aybage Township, tamutograk Township, yingairik Township, Duolang Township, bagotograk Township, Awati Town, baishiarik town and wuluchele town.

geographical environment

Location context

Awati county is located in the Midwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northwest of Tarim Basin and south foot of Tianshan Mountain, between 39 ° 31 ′～ 40 ° 50 ′ N and 79 ° 45 ′～ 81 ° 05 ′ E. It borders Aksu City in the northeast, Keping County in the west, Bachu County in the southwest, Taklimakan Desert in the south, and Luopu and Moyu counties in the border. It is 100 kilometers wide from east to west and 150 kilometers long from north to south, with a total area of 13259 square kilometers. topography

Awati county is composed of alluvial fan, alluvial plain and desert. In the north, there is Aksu River alluvial fan plain, covering an area of about 189000 hectares, with an altitude of 1028-1064m, flat and wide. The terrain inclines from northwest to Southeast, with a slope of less than 2 degrees. The surface is composed of fine soil and deep soil layer. The alluvial plain is composed of Valley plains of Aksu River, Yeerqiang River, Kashgar River and Hotan River, covering an area of about 278000 hectares, with an altitude of 1020-1050m, flat, In the south is Taklimakan Desert, with an area of 859000 hectares and an altitude of 1040-1060m. It consists of semi fixed grass irrigated sand dunes, mobile crescent dunes, sand dune chains and compound dunes It is composed of three types of sand dunes: combined dune and dune chain, sand ridge and compound dune, pyramid dune, dome dune and fish scale dune.

climate

Awati county has a warm temperate continental arid climate. The basic characteristics are drought, less rain, large evaporation, severe changes in cold and heat, hot summer, cold winter, rapid warming and cooling in spring and autumn, large annual and daily temperature range, long sunshine time, sufficient heat, rare annual precipitation and uneven distribution in time, agricultural production depends on surface water irrigation. the annual average temperature in Awati county is 10.4 ℃, the average temperature in the hottest month (July) is 24.2 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 39.4 ℃, the average temperature in the coldest month (January) is - 8.3 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 25 ℃; the annual average precipitation is 46.7mm, the annual average evaporation is 1890.7mm, the frost free period is 211 days, the average annual sunshine is 2679 hours; the annual temperature range is 34 ℃, the average annual daily temperature range is 15 ℃. in Awati County, the average wind speed is 3m / s, the average annual gale days are 15 days, and the average floating dust days are 52 days. In spring (March to May), the temperature rises rapidly and unsteadily, the alternation of cold and warm is frequent, drought and windy; in summer (June to August), it is hot, dry and hot wind, long sunshine time, concentrated precipitation and hail damage; in autumn (September to November), the climate is cool, the temperature drops rapidly, and frost appears; in winter (December to February of the next year), the weather is cold and long, and the average temperature is - 8.3 ℃.

hydrology

There are Aksu River, Kashgar River, Yeerqiang River and Hotan River in Awati. The rivers converge into Tarim River and flow out of the country to the East, forming many lakes and swamps. The largest lake in Awati is aiximan lake, covering an area of 13.3 square kilometers. There are about 703 million cubic meters of groundwater in the oasis in the county. The groundwater level is high, and the groundwater depth is within 3 meters, which is easy to exploit.

natural resources

plant resources

In 2012, Populus euphratica, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Apocynum venetum, Dayun, Salix, Phragmites australis, Xanthium sibiricum, Cheqianzi, xiaozhangmao, spica salicifera, Achnatherum splendens, camel thorn, Nitraria, lingdang thorn, zusanma grass, Arctium lappa, Sophora alopecuroides, Pucao, Sparganium and so on were established species in Awati county.

Animal resources

In 2012, there were a variety of wild terrestrial vertebrates in Awati County, such as red deer, gazelle (gazelle), fox, hare, wild boar, hedgehog, muskrat, snake, lizard, gecko, gecko, Citellus flavipectus, and vulture, white stork, swan, bustard, pheasant, wild goose, wild duck, jade belt carving, grey crane, egret, etc.

Population nationality

population

At the end of 2012, the total population of Awati county was 245800, including 55300 non-agricultural population and 190500 agricultural population. The natural growth rate is 4.16 ‰. There are 125200 males and 120600 females with a sex ratio of 1.04:1. 3931 people were born, with a birth rate of 15.77 ‰ and 2895 people died, with a death rate of 11.16 ‰.

nation

Awati county is mainly composed of Uygur, and 23 ethnic groups, including Han, Hui, Tibetan, Tujia, Dongxiang, Mongolian, Manchu, Miao, Baoan, Kirgiz, Tu, Zhuang, Uzbek, Kazak, Yi, Li, salar, Russian, Korean, Yao, Lisu, WA, Tatar, Xibe, etc.

Economic overview

overview

In 2013, the gross output value of Awati County reached 3.33 billion yuan, an increase of 15.3% over 2011 (calculated according to 2010 comparable price, the same below). Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 1394.01 million yuan, an increase of 9.9% over 2011; the added value of the secondary industry was 535.08 million yuan, an increase of 14.5% over 2011; among them, the added value of the industry was 248.15 million yuan, an increase of 8.9% over 2011; the added value of the construction industry was 286.93 million yuan, an increase of 18.4% over 2011; the added value of the tertiary industry was 140.196 million yuan, an increase of 21.9% over 2011. The proportion of three industrial structure is 41.8:16.1:42.1. The per capita GDP was 14523 yuan, up from 2011