Yongnian Xidiao

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Yongnian Xidiao

Applicant: Yongnian County, Hebei Province

Item No.: 697

Project No.: Ⅳ - 96

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Hebei Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Yongnian County, Hebei Province

Protection unit: cultural center of Yongnian District, Handan City

Introduction to Yongnian West tune

Applicant: Yongnian County, Hebei Province

Yongnian County, Handan City, is located in the south of Hebei Province. It has a vast plain, where water and famous rivers pass through. The geographical environment is very superior. Yongnian west water diversion is widely spread in this area. Yongnian Xidiao, also known as "Zezhou Diao", was officially named "Xidiao" in the early days of the founding of new China because it often performed in robes and plays, and set up more than one platform on the stage.

Yongnian Xidiao belongs to banqiang, which is mainly composed of Sixian Qupai and Dadi Qupai. It is composed of "Er man ban", "San man ban", "Si Liu ban", "Duo Ban", "man Chang Pi" and "Jie ban". It is good at expressing high spirited, free and lively emotions. Its accompaniment instrument is very unique. The first string saw Qin is a genuine self-made national instrument. It uses leather as the string, with five degrees of setting, six inside and three outside. The rod is thin and short, and the barrel made of Catalpa or tung wood is relatively thick and long. The two strings of native Jinghu are four degrees of setting, three inside and six outside. The three strings (gourds) are low musical instruments, similar to erhu, with long rod, flat barrel and low sound Deep and thick. The original five tunes of Xidiao are Kun, bang, Luo, Juan and Huang. At present, only Bangzi tunes are performed. The singing and chanting abandon Jin tunes and move closer to Jingbai and Yunbai.

Yongnian Xidiao has a complete range of roles and professions. In the performance, it mainly learns from the performance procedures and skills of Beijing Opera and Hebei Bangzi. It is bold, simple and full of local flavor. More than 100 kinds of traditional operas are inherited from Shangdang Bangzi, including more than 60 kinds of Bangzi operas such as xiaoguoshan and Luozhang kneeling tower, more than 30 kinds of huangqiang operas such as tanyinshan and kongchengji, Kunqiang operas such as Fengxiang and Cifu, and Luoqiang operas such as damiangang, Shangfen and dingzhuan. The original volume operas have been lost .

With its unique artistic charm, Yongnian Xidiao attracts the audience and becomes an indispensable spiritual food in the local people's life. It has a certain reference value in the research of Hebei local culture and social customs. At present, Xidiao art in Hebei Province is declining day by day. Only Yongnian County has a professional Xidiao troupe, which is short of personnel, short of funds, difficult to inherit, and difficult to survive.