Gaozhou City, Maoming City, Guangdong Province

Gaozhou, a county-level city managed by Maoming, is located in the southwest of Guangdong Province. With a total area of 3276 square kilometers, the city governs 23 towns and 5 streets. By the end of 2019, the registered residence population of the city was 1 million 847 thousand and 800. Gaozhou is located in the transportation hub of western Guangdong and Eastern Guangxi. Luoyang Zhanjiang railway, Baotou Maoming expressway, Shanzhan expressway, Yunmao expressway, national highway 207, national highway 359 and provincial highways 113, 280 and 283 intersect in the city.

Gaozhou is a "strong city in education" in Guangdong Province, a "big county medical center" in Guangdong Province, and the only "national demonstration county (city) of medical reform" in Guangdong Province. Historically, Gaozhou has been known as one of the "four cultural and educational townships in Guangdong". Gaozhou is rich in natural resources. It is a big agricultural city in Guangdong Province. Its total agricultural output value ranks first in all counties (cities) in Guangdong Province for many years. It is also known as "the first fruit city in China", "Lixiang in China" and "national greening model county (city)". Gaozhou is the birthplace of the important thought of "Three Represents" and once known as "a banner of comprehensive development of mountainous areas in Guangdong Province". In December 2020, the Academy of Social Sciences released the list of China's top 400 County Economic Development reports, with Gaozhou ranked 156.

Gaozhou is an important birthplace, prosperity and inheritance of Gaoliang culture. Gaozhou Prefecture was set up in the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368 AD), which was the first of the four lower prefectures in Guangdong Province. In June 1993, the county was removed and set up as a city (county level). Gaozhou City was built in the 18th year of kaihuang (598). From the Tang Dynasty to the Republic of China, Gaozhou has been the political, economic, cultural and military center of western Guangdong.

Mrs. Xian, the first Chinese heroine, pan Maoming, the pioneer of Lingnan Taoism, Gao Lishi, a famous official in Tang Dynasty, Yang Yi, the Minister of industry in the late Qing Dynasty, Ding Ying, the first president of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in New China, and Ding Yanyong, a famous painter, are all from Gaozhou. There are more than 250 cultural sites in Gaozhou, with important intangible cultural heritage such as puppet show, folk song, print, Bayin gongs and drums, Xianfu temple culture, etc. it is now a provincial historical and cultural city and a Chinese couplet cultural city.

Historical evolution

Pre Qin Period

From ancient times to the end of Qin Dynasty, Gaozhou belonged to Xi'ou. A large number of bronzes, potteries, crystals and other cultural relics have been unearthed from the largest dragon kiln site of pre Qin period in Guangdong. Before the Qin Dynasty, there were brilliant Neolithic age and bronze age high civilization in Lingnan area.

Qin and Han Dynasties

In 214 BC, after the Qin army pacified Lingnan, the first emperor of Qin set up three counties, Guilin, Xiang and Nanhai, in the Lingnan area he captured. Most of Guangdong Province today belongs to Nanhai county. In addition, Zhanjiang and other places belong to Xiang County, part of western Guangdong belongs to Guilin County, and Gaozhou belongs to Xiang county (214-204 BC).

At the time of the Qin Dynasty's death, Zhao Tuo, a prefect of Nanhai, took Guilin and Xiangjun as the king of Nanyue. In the early Western Han Dynasty, Gaozhou now belonged to the state of Nanyue (204-111 BC).

In 111 B.C. (the sixth year of Yuanding in the Western Han Dynasty), the Han Dynasty destroyed Nanyue, which was divided into Nanhai, Cangwu, Yulin, Hepu, Jiaozhi, Jiuzhen, rinan, zhuya and daner counties. Today Gaozhou belongs to Gaoliang County of Hepu County.

In 147 ad (the first year of Jianhe in the Eastern Han Dynasty), Hepu County was divided into Gaoxing County; in 168 ad (the first year of Jianning in the Eastern Han Dynasty), Gaoliang county was changed into Gaoliang county and abolished; in 220 AD (the 25th year of Jian'an), Gaoliang county was established in Gaoliang county to govern Siping County; Wu you established Gaoxing county to govern Guanghua County, both of which belong to Guangzhou; Guanghua is in Yangxi, Moyang is in Yangchun, Hai'an is in Enping or Taishan, Xiping and Hua are unknown; Gaozhou does not know where they belong.

Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties

In 280 (the first year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty), Wu was destroyed, and Gaoliang and Gaoxing counties were still under Wu system. In Taikang, Gaoliang county was merged with Gaoxing county.

In the Southern Dynasties, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of Song Dynasty, most of Gaozhou was under Gaoliang county (at that time, Gaoliang County led seven counties: Siping, Anning, Moyang, Luozhou, Xigong, Pingding and Qinxiang; Siping was in Enping, Anning was in Yangjiang, Moyang was in Yangchun, Luozhou was in Huazhou, Xigong was in Yangchun, Pingding and Qinxiang were unknown; Gaozhou is still unknown It is suspected that Luozhou county is in the West and southwest, and Haichang county is in the northeast.

Qi, except for the southwest part of Yuezhou or Yongning County, the rest of the same song system.

Liang Datong (AD 528), Liang pinglidong home Gaozhou, state governance in today's Yangxi county. In the middle of Liang Datong in the Southern Dynasty (530 AD), Dianbai County was set up, and its governance was in the old city of Changpo in Gaozhou, which belonged to Gaozhou; at the same time, Shengluo County in Huazhou was Luozhou, and the West and southwest of Gaozhou City belonged to Luozhou Gaoxing County; the North belonged to Liangde County in Longzhou; the middle and East belonged to Dianbai County and Haichang County in Gaozhou, and the South belonged to Nanba County in Gaozhou.

In the second year of Chen Yongding's reign (558), Wude county (changed to Liangde in Sui Dynasty) was set up. The county was next to Liangde market, a town on the East Bank of Gaozhou. It governed the north of Gaozhou and was subordinate to Liangde County of Longzhou. So far, the central and eastern parts of Gaozhou belong to Dianbai County of Gaozhou, the southern part belongs to Nanba County of Gaozhou, the southwest and western part belongs to Shilong County of Luozhou, the north and northeast part belongs to Liangde County of Longzhou, Wude county and Haichang County of Gaozhou.

Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

In 589, Dianbai County and Haichang county were abandoned and Dianbai County and Lianjiang county and Nanba county were abandoned, which were subordinate to Gaozhou. Gaozhou was still in Gaoliang county (now Jiangxi). In the 10th year of kaihuang reign (590), Shilong County, Wuchuan County and Maoming county were set up in Gaoxing county (Maoming county was added in the 18th year of kaihuang reign). Today, the central and eastern part of Gaozhou City is Dianbai County, the southern part is Nanba County, the western part is Maoming County, and the northern part is Liangde county. In 607, Gaozhou and Luozhou were abolished and Gaoliang county was restored. Gaoliang county (now Yangjiang province) was ruled by Gaozhou and Yongxi county was abandoned. At that time, Dianbai County (now central and Eastern Gaozhou), Nanba county (now southern Gaozhou), Maoming county (now western Gaozhou) belonged to Gaoliang County, and Liangde county (now northern Gaozhou) belonged to Yongxi county.

In the early Tang Dynasty, Gaozhou was ruled by panzhou in 634, and Gaozhou in 648. Tianbaochu (742) changed Gaozhou into Gaoliang county and panzhou into Nanpan county.

Maoming county was renamed Yueshang County in 907, and Maoming county was restored in 923, belonging to the Southern Han Dynasty.

Song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties

In 872, the state was abolished, and Gaozhou belonged to the county. The first year of Jingde (1004) belongs to douzhou. Three years (1006) still belong to Gaozhou.

Yuan Fu is Gaozhou, Dade eight years (1304) to Gaozhou road to rule (Maoming county).

During the Ming Dynasty, Gaozhou Prefecture governed five counties, including Huazhou, Maoming, Xinyi, Dianbai, Wuchuan and lianjiang (then called Shicheng). Due to its large territory and strategic location, Gaozhou Prefecture is called the capital of the next four prefectures in Guangdong, and Maoming county is the economic, political and cultural center of western Guangdong. (Note: Gaozhou Prefecture is not the same as today's Gaozhou City.)

The people's Republic of China

During the period of the Republic of China, Gaozhou Prefecture was withdrawn and Maoming county was left. Maoming county is now the main body of Gaozhou City. Maoming county is subordinate to gaolei Road, South Road, seventh and thirteenth administrative regions of Guangdong Province.

The People's Republic of China

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Maoming county has been subordinate to South Road, gaolei, western Guangdong and Zhanjiang.

From September to October 1958, some areas of former Gongguan Township, Meihua Township and Aotou Township in the south of Maoming county were classified into Maoming City, former Xiaoliang Township into Dianbai County, and Nansheng Township in yuanshigu Township, Lanshi Township and Longshou Township in Aotou Township into Huazhou county. In November of the same year, Maoming county and Xinyi County merged into Maoxin county. In December, Maoxin county was named Gaozhou county.

In April 1961, Gaozhou county was divided into Gaozhou and Xinyi counties. Gaozhou county was subordinate to Zhanjiang district.

In 1983, the system of city leading county was implemented, and Gaozhou county was subordinate to Maoming City.

In June 1993, Gaozhou county was replaced by Gaozhou City, which was managed by Maoming City. In December of the same year, the listing ceremony was officially held.

administrative division

Gaozhou City is located in the west of Guangdong Province, developed from Maoming county. Here is a brief description of the changes in Maoming county (and Gaozhou County after that)

Maoming county was set up in Sui Dynasty, panzhou was set up in Tang Dynasty, panzhou was merged into Gaozhou in Song Dynasty, panzhou and Nanba were abolished in the fifth year of Kaibao (972) in Northern Song Dynasty, and Panshui was incorporated into Maoming county. At that time, Maoming county had a wide area, from the south to the east of Magang town in the East and to Meilu in the West. South China Sea. After that, the region was gradually reduced.

In 1467, when Dianbai County moved from the old city to govern shendianwei (today's Dianwei), six townships, such as Fuguo and Huaide, were assigned to Maoming County, while Maoming County assigned Xiabo Township, the former Nanba county (Xiadong, Lintou, Daya, Magang, etc., to the west of today's Dianbai County).

On May 12, 1958, Maoming Municipal preparatory office was set up. On the 23rd, it was changed into the urban Preparatory Office of Maoming industrial and mining area. On August 26, Maoming industrial and mining district was established. From September to October, some areas of the former Gongguan Township, Meihua Township and Aotou Township in the south of Maoming county (today's seven towns of Jintang, Gongguan, Xinpo, Gaoshan, Zhensheng, Aotou and meihua, Maonan suburban Economic Development Experimental Zone and seven sub district offices of Hedong, Hexi, Hongqi, Xinhua, opencast mine, Guandu and Zhanqian) were assigned to Maoming industrial and mining district (renamed Maoming City on May 9, 1959) ）The former Xiaoliang township (now Xiaoliang Town, Maogang District, Maoming City) was classified into Dianbai County; the former nanshang township (now part of nanshang street, Huazhou City, the same below), the former Lanshi and Longshou townships in Aotou Township were classified into Huazhou County; after Huazhou and Wuchuan were divided into counties in 1961, the former Lanshi and Longshou townships were classified into Huazhou county