Laifeng County, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province

Laifeng County Laifeng County belongs to Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. It is located in the southwest of Hubei Province, upstream of Youshui, adjacent to Xianfeng County and Xuanen County in the north, Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County in Chongqing in the southwest, and Longshan County in Hunan Province in the southeast. Located at the junction of Hubei, Hunan and Chongqing, it is an important material distribution center and the west gate of Hubei Province. It is named after the legend of Xiangfeng mountain. The government is located in Xiangfeng town.

The county covers an area of 1342.05 square kilometers, with a total population of 400000 in 2016. There are 18 ethnic minorities, mainly Tujia and Miao, accounting for more than 61% of the total population of the county.

Laifeng County is the first area in China to implement regional autonomy of Tujia nationality. It is also an advanced county in Chinese culture, sports and national unity and progress. It enjoys the reputation of "hometown of songs and Dances".

In March 2019, it will be listed in the first batch of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics. On April 29, 2019, the people's Government of Hubei Province decided to withdraw Laifeng County from the poverty-stricken county.

Historical evolution

In Zhou Dynasty, it was the five streams of Bayu state.

Spring and autumn and Warring States belong to Chu Wu Prefecture. Qin was in Qianzhong county. The Han Dynasty belongs to Wuling county.

The Three Kingdoms belonged to Wuling County of wujingzhou. The Western Jin Dynasty belongs to Wuling County of Jingzhou.

During the northern and Southern Dynasties, song Jianping County, Qi and Liang Yidu County, and Zhou wufei county.

Sui Dynasty belonged to Qingjiang county. Tang Dynasty belonged to Shizhou. Five Dynasties Jishe Ganhua state.

In Song Dynasty, it was a rich state, and later a ruoyuan state. In Renzong's time, it set up Sanmao department, and took qinyemao as Sanmao Xuanfu envoy.

At the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, it was Rouyuan state, and later abandoned state was sanmaodong. In the 31th year of Zhiyuan (1294), it was promoted to sanmaofu, which belongs to Sichuan Province. In the sixth year of Zhizheng (1346), it was changed into the military and civilian Xuanfu Department of Sanmao oath cliff.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, when Yuzhen of the Ming Dynasty occupied Shu, she was changed into a marshal of the military and civilian missionary department along the border.

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the division was abandoned again. Hongwu seven years (1374) in May, changed to loose maoyanbian xuanweisi, cut half of it for datiansuo, belongs to Sichuan Chongqing Wei. Hongwu 23 years (1390) waste for loose Mao Xuanfu division, belong to Huguang division Shi Zhou Wei. Yongle two years (1404) in May, the establishment of San Mao chief secretary, belongs to the army and people of Datian thousand households. In March 1406, he was promoted to Xuanfu.

At the beginning of Shunzhi (1644-1661) in Qing Dynasty, he was still the Xuanfu Department of Sanmao, belonging to shizhouwei. Yongzheng six years (1728) dismisses the Shi state Wei, belongs to the Guizhou Enshi county. In 1735, seven chieftains, such as changing the land to Liu and abolishing San Mao, were appointed. In the first year of Qianlong (1736), Laifeng County was established, which belongs to Shi Nanfu, Hubei governor.

On the seventh day of September in the third year of Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty (1911), Shi Nan and Laifeng became independent and autonomous. In 1914, the government was abolished and the county was saved. Laifeng was directly established in the province. In 1915, it belonged to Jingnan road. In 1926, it was changed to shihedao. In 1927, Dao was abolished and returned to the province. In 1928, it belonged to Western Hubei administrative region, and Laifeng was a special small county. In 1932, the administrative region of Western Hubei was changed to the tenth administrative supervision region, which still governs the counties of shihedao. In 1934, Laifeng was a third class county. In 1936, the tenth administrative supervision district was changed to the seventh administrative supervision district, which still governs the original counties. In 1945, local autonomy was carried out and Laifeng was designated as a third-class County, belonging to the seventh administrative supervision area of Hubei Province. Until 1949, there was no change in membership.

On November 9, 1949, Laifeng was liberated and attached to Enshi special district of Hubei Province.

On December 19, 1979, the State Council approved the abolition of the organizational system of Laifeng County and the establishment of Laifeng Tujia Autonomous County under Enshi Prefecture.

On December 1, 1983, Laifeng Tujia Autonomous County was abolished and its organizational system was restored, which was subordinate to Tujia Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Western Hubei.

In 1996, Laifeng County covers an area of 1320 square kilometers and has a population of about 283000, of which Tujia nationality accounts for about 41% and Miao nationality 16.5%. It has jurisdiction over 3 towns and 6 townships: Xiangfeng Town, Baifusi Town, Dahe Town, Manshui Town, Lvshui Town, Sanhu Town, Geleche Town, Gaodong town and Jiusi town. The county government is located in Xiangfeng town. [Note: on April 26, 1995, Enshi State Party committee and Enshi state government issued a document to delimit the four districts of shadaogou, Lijiahe, Gaoluo, shaping and xueluozhai Township in Xuanen county and hand them over to Laifeng County from May 1. On February 12, 1998, Enshi State Party committee and government decided to cancel the escrow and return to Xuanen county. 】

According to the fifth census in 2000, the total population of Laifeng County is 316707, including 100649 in Xiangfeng Town, 29055 in Baifusi Town, 46448 in Dahe Town, 22653 in Lushui Town, 21020 in Manshui Town, 17400 in Gaodong Town, 30188 in Jiusi Town, 28699 in Sanhu town and 20595 in Gele town.

In April 2001, Gaodong township was abolished and merged into Jiusi township. By the end of 2004, Laifeng County had an area of 1319.9 square kilometers and a total population of 315000. It has jurisdiction over Xiangfeng, Baifusi and Dahe towns, 5 townships of Lushui, Manshui, Jiusi, Sanhu and Geleche, 11 neighborhood committees and 181 village committees.

At the end of 2005, Laifeng County had jurisdiction over three towns and five townships: Xiangfeng Town, Baifusi Town, Dahe Town, Lushui Town, Manshui Town, Jiusi Town, Sanhu town and Geleche town. There are 11 neighborhood committees and 184 village committees.

According to the sixth census in 2010, there are 242870 permanent residents in Laifeng County, including 94270 in Xiangfeng Town, 16731 in Baifusi Town, 37231 in Dahe Town, 17325 in Lushui Town, 17365 in Manshui Town, 32050 in Jiusi Town, 10042 in Geleche town and 17856 in Sanhu town.

On November 13, 2011, Lushui township was officially established as a town. On January 3, 2013, Jiusi township was officially established as a town. In 2013, Geleche township was abolished and Geleche town was established (No. 66, e-civil Affairs Bureau). After the adjustment, the county governs 6 towns and 2 townships: Xiangfeng Town, Baifusi Town, Dahe Town, Lushui Town, Jiusi Town, Geleche Town, Manshui town and Sanhu town.

administrative division

Laifeng County has 8 townships, 203 villages, 1844 villager groups and 48 resident groups, including Xiangfeng Town, Lushui Town, Manshui Town, Baifusi Town, Dahe Town, Jiusi Town, Sanhu town and Geleche Town, as well as 3 state farms, including Hujiaping forest farm, baiyanshan medicinal material farm and Mopo farm. Xiangfeng Town, the county seat.

Xiangfeng town government is located in Longqiao, with a population of 103000. It has jurisdiction over 4 neighborhood committees and 27 village committees: Spiritual fort, yuhongqiao, sanguangping, huayuanbao, Fengxiang, Xianghua, Baiyan, laocha, hejiapo, Mazongling, Guankou, xiaoheping, majiayuan, baiyangpo, Dayakou, laozhaiping, fengjiaping, guihuashu, huangmaoping, LAOHUDONG, zhonghuashan, wangshui, Heping and Qigu Zhai, Shiliping, Zhuba, Meihe, yanshanba, chedaping, tamuwan, hongyanpu.

Baifusi town government is located in Baifusi, which has jurisdiction over one neighborhood committee and 23 village committees: Baifusi, Xin'an, niecheping, ranjia, Shemihu, Heguang, shadaowan, shiliangzi, guanyinping, meizidong, Lanhe, liaojiaba, Baoqi, futuoluo, xincaigou, yanbazi, jingzhubao, Kedong, anjiabao, mucheba, dongtangba, appeasement, kedaohe and Gaodong.

Dahe Town Government is located in Daheba, with jurisdiction over one neighborhood committee and 37 village committees: Daheba, Baishuiquan, Bajiaoxi, tongziyuan, qianjiangdong, dafenshan, majiayuan, xiaomeizhuang, shetanxi, fengxiangping, Zhangjiajie, Shaba, shanmutang, Chayuan, fuliao, wudaoshui, longtanping, laobugou, chayuanpo, Lianghekou, Zhangjiapo, lengshuixi, dushitang, nanmuping Shiziliang, shanmuxi, mandian, bansha, Baiguo, luogutang, Zhushan, shinanpo, lanmashan, sanhancao, mudanping, chedonghu, Zhongba and manshuitang.

The government of Lushui township is located in Shangzhai, which has one neighborhood committee and 17 village committees: Shangzhai, Sihe, Shatian, Dayantang, lanmashan, Daping, Xiaoao, Zhoujiawan, LAOYINGYAN, xinxigou, meizishu, xianggou, guimaoshan, shinanping, Tianjiazhai, kangjiagou, tihe and Laozhai.

Manshui township government is located in Liangshuijing, which has jurisdiction over one neighborhood committee and 13 village committees: xinqiaoqiao, Xinglong, Fengmu, sujiaping, xinqiaoqiao, shiliba, dongshanping, Yutang, Tongzi, youfangao, zhaojiapo, zaomuya, Hujiaba and Guitang.

Jiusi town was formed by the merger of Jiusi Township and Gaodong township. The town government was stationed in Jiusi. Jiusi commune was established in 1958, district in 1962 and township in 1996. In 2013, the township was withdrawn to build a town. Located in the middle of the county, jiusiji town is 29 kilometers west of the county, and gaodongji town is 18 kilometers away from the county. Now it has jurisdiction over 32 administrative villages, 1 community, 375 villager groups and more than 12900 households, with grain, livestock, mulberry, tobacco and tea as the leading industries.

Sanhu township was established as Sanhu District in 1949, commune in 1958, district in 1962, commune in 1975, district in 1984 and township in 1996. Located in the north of the county, 17 kilometers away from the county. It has jurisdiction over 18 village committees, including guanfen mountain, shiziqiao, Shiqiao, Datang, Jingzhu, anzibao, JINLONGGOU, fanjiagou, Liuzheng, houlibao, miaozhaigou, Chaoche, liyuangou, sanbaoling, qiaotingzi, jiucaiyuan, huangbaiyuan and yangheba.

Geleche town is located in the northwest of Laifeng County, bordering Sanhu Township in the East, Jiusi Township in the south, Dahe Town in the West and Xianfeng County in the north, covering an area of 116.82 square kilometers. The township government is 26 kilometers away from Laifeng County. The township now governs 17 administrative villages, 167 villager groups, 5438 households and 2042 villages