Huancui District, Weihai City, Shandong Province

Huancui District, belonging to Weihai City, Shandong Province, is located at the easternmost end of Shandong Peninsula, facing the Korean Peninsula and Japanese archipelago across the sea in the East, with a total area of 276.21 square kilometers and a coastline of about 43 kilometers. It is the closest city between China and South Korea.

Huancui District is the seat of Weihai municipal government and the center of Weihai City. In 1398, the Ming Dynasty set up a garrison here to guard against Japanese invasion.

As of the end of 2018, Huancui District has 5 streets and 3 towns under its jurisdiction, with a permanent resident population of 365800, realizing a GDP of 39.590 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry is 3.010 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry is 14.897 billion yuan, the added value of the tertiary industry is 21.684 billion yuan, and the tertiary industrial structure is 7.6:37.6:54.8.

In October 2019, it was rated as one of the top 100 new urbanization quality areas in China in 2019.

Historical evolution

As early as 7000 years ago, in the middle and late Neolithic age, human beings lived and moved in Huancui District, but it became an independent construction area, which began with the establishment of Weihaiwei in the Ming Dynasty.

In 1398, in order to strengthen the coastal defense and prevent the invasion of Japanese pirates, the Ming government adopted the idea of "awe inspiring the coastal areas", and "analyzed the Three Li Wei Hai Wei in Xinwang capital of Wendeng county", and sent troops to garrison to guard against Japanese pirates, leading the left, front and back three institutes, then there was Wei Hai Wei.

In 1735, Weihaiwei was abolished and merged into Wendeng County, which was under the jurisdiction of xinwangdu Sanli in Wendeng county. In 1898, Weihaiwei and Liugong Island were forcibly rented by Britain.

In 1930, the national government took back Weihaiwei and established Weihaiwei administration office, which was subordinate to the executive yuan of the national government. In August 1945, after the liberation of Weihaiwei, Weihaiwei city (prefecture level) was established under the jurisdiction of Jiaodong administrative office. In March 1948, it was changed into a county-level city under the jurisdiction of the East China Sea region.

In March 1950, urban and rural areas were divided. Gangxi District, Qiaotou District, caomiaozi District, Gushan District, Fenglin District, Yangting district and the southern half of Likou mountain area, which originally belonged to Weihaiwei City, were assigned to Rongcheng, Wendeng and Kunyu counties respectively.

In May 1950, it was changed into Weihai County, under the jurisdiction of Wendeng district.

It was changed into Weihai City in May 1951. In October 1954, it became a city under the jurisdiction of Shandong Province, under the leadership of Shandong provincial government and under the supervision of Wendeng district.

In 1956, it was assigned to Laiyang district. In June and September of the same year, 20 townships of Wendeng county were assigned to Weihai City.

In July 1958, some villages of Wendeng county's small towns and Wenquan Township were included in Weihai City. In October 1958, Shiling, caomiaozi, Wenquan people's commune in Wendeng county and Qiaotou, boyujia people's commune in Rongcheng county were included in Weihai City. In December, it was changed into a city under the jurisdiction of a special district, which was subordinate to the Yantai special district (later renamed Yantai District).

In June 1965, caomiaozi, Pengshan and Shiling people's communes were assigned to Wendeng County, while Qiaotou, boyujia and Wolong people's communes were assigned to Rongcheng county.

On November 1, 1983, it was again changed into a provincial city, which was managed by Yantai city.

On June 15, 1987, the State Council approved the upgrading of Weihai City to a prefecture level city in the reply of the State Council on upgrading Weihai City to a prefecture level city in Shandong Province. After the upgrading of Weihai City to a prefecture level city, the former administrative region of Weihai City at the county level was set as Huancui District in the sense of Huancui building, a famous scenic spot in Huancui District.

administrative division

Division evolution

On January 16, 1992, bijiatuan, donglaotai, xilaotai and houfengxi in Tiancun town were assigned to Weihai Torch High tech Industrial Development Zone.

In January 1993, haopo street was established as Weihai Economic and Technological Development Zone established in October 1992.

In July 1994, chucun and caomiaozi in Wendeng City and Qiaotou and Boyu towns in Rongcheng City were assigned to Huancui District.

On August 27, 1996, Tiancun street was organized into gaoqu district and Liugongdao street was under the direct jurisdiction of the municipal government.

On May 12, 2003, chucun town was classified as gaoqu, while Gushan town and Boyu town were classified as Jingqu.

On April 21, 2008, caomiaozi town was under the jurisdiction of Weihai Industrial new area.

In September 2012, Weihai municipal Party committee adjusted the economic division of the whole city, including Qiaotou town of Huancui District as a whole, 5 villages of Yangting town and 2 villages of Zhangcun town as gaoqu District, and 19 villages (residents) west of Huanshan road as Huancui District.

In January 2014, the State Council approved the adjustment of some administrative regions of Weihai City in Shandong Province in Document No. 13 of 2014, and put Wangtuan town and Pengshan town of Dengshi city under the jurisdiction of Huancui District of Weihai City.

Current situation of regionalization

As of 2018, Huancui District has 5 streets and 3 towns. Huancui District People's government is located in huancuilou street.

geographical environment

Location context

Huancui District is located at the easternmost end of Shandong Peninsula, bordering on the Yellow Sea in the East, West and North, corresponding to Dalian city of Liaodong Peninsula in the north, facing the Korean Peninsula in the East, Rongcheng City in the southeast, and Lingang District of Weihai City in the South and southwest. It is located between 37 ° 15 ′ - 37 ° 34 ′, 121 ° 51 ′ - 122 ° 24 ′ e, 29 km from east to west, 28 km from north to south, with a total area of 276.21 square kilometers and a coastline of about 43 km.

geological structure

Huancui area is located in the eastern end of Jiaobei fault block uplift in Shandong Province, and its south side is adjacent to the eastern edge of Jiaolai depression. The exposed strata in Huancui area are Jiaodong Group of late Archean, Qingshan group of Cretaceous of Mesozoic and Quaternary of Cenozoic. The Qixia compound anticline, an ancient basement structure, extends into the area and turns from nearly EW to ne. There are nearly north-south trending Shuangdao fault, NNE trending Jinniushan fault and laomuzuhe fault, NW trending Wangdao fault, Haibu and Shendaokou fault, Lidao and haixitou fault. The magmatic rocks are mainly Kunyushan and Wendeng plutons in early Yanshanian and Shidao, WEIDESHAN and longxudao plutons in late Yanshanian.

topographic features

Huancui District is located in Jiaodong low mountain and hilly area, with high terrain in the middle and Southeast, low terrain in the West and North, alternate distribution of low mountain and hilly area and plain lowland, large slope in low mountain and hilly area, and gentle terrain in plain and low area.

Coastal beach

The coastline of Huancui District starts from the center of maozicao estuary in the East (37 ° 24'27.7 "n, 122 ° 23'53.2" E), and ends at the junction with Muping District of Yantai City in the West (37 ° 28'06.18 "n, 121 ° 55'08.35" E), with a total length of 156 km (including high area and economic area). The coastline is winding, the headlands and bays crisscross, and the beaches are vast. Most of them are natural harbors and natural bathing beaches. The headland has steep slope and deep water depth, and the 20 meter isobath is close to the shore. The terrain is complex and the landscape is diverse.

Island Harbour

All the islands in Huancui area belong to continental islands, which are similar or related to the adjacent land in geological structure. There are 20 islands of different sizes. Liugong Island, the largest, covers an area of 3.15 square kilometers. Yanglong reef, the smallest, only shows its top at full tide. There are Weihai Bay, Heqing Bay, shidaotan Bay, Mazi Bay, putautan Bay, Shuangdao Bay and so on. Weihai Bay is located in the east of the city, with a water area of about 54 square kilometers, a depth of 8 kilometers, and a coastline arc of about 26 kilometers. It is the largest Bay in the territory. The mouth of the bay is between the two headlands of beishanzui and zaobuzui. It is about 10 kilometers wide and opens to the northeast. Liugong Island stands in the center of the mouth and divides the mouth into two parts: North and south. The north entrance is about 2 km wide and is the main channel; the south entrance is about 5 km wide. The whole bay is semi-circular, surrounded by mountains in the north, West and south. Liugong Island, Dahong, Xiaohong, Ridao, Yanglong reef and other islands and reefs line in the East, forming a natural barrier. Due to the winding coastline, Huangni Bay, daoshui Bay, Yangjia Bay, Yanglong Bay and other small harbors are formed in the bay.

Climatic characteristics

Huancui District is located in the middle latitude, belonging to the north temperate monsoon continental climate, with obvious seasonal changes and monsoon advance and retreat. Compared with inland areas of the same latitude, it has the characteristics of abundant rainfall, moderate annual temperature and mild climate. In addition, under the regulation of the ocean, it has the characteristics of cold spring, cool summer, warm autumn and winter, small temperature difference between day and night, long frost free period, strong wind and high humidity. The annual average temperature is 12.2 ℃, the annual average precipitation is 737.7 mm, and the annual average sunshine hours is 2480.0 hours.

Water system hydrology

Huancui District is located in the eastern part of Jiaodong Peninsula. The groundwater resources are affected not only by atmospheric precipitation, but also by topography, landform, lithology, geological structure and human activities. The groundwater level is also in a dynamic state. In a year, the groundwater level generally shows a downward trend from January to June, rises from July to September, and then decreases slowly from October to December. The annual variation range of groundwater level in hilly area is larger than that in plain area.

Soil type

There are six soil types in Huancui District: brown soil, fluvo aquic soil, saline soil, aeolian sandy soil, paddy soil and mountain meadow soil. According to their development degree, additional soil forming process and soil properties, they can be divided into 8 sub categories, 14 soil genera and 68 soil species, including brown soil, brown soil and fluvo brown soil; fluvo aquic soil, salinized fluvo aquic soil; saline soil; semi fixed aeolian sand and fixed aeolian sand. Brown soil is the most widely distributed and the largest soil type in the whole region, covering all the towns (streets) and hilly areas in the region, accounting for 83.5% of the total soil area and 82.5% of the total cultivated land area. Fluvo aquic soil is the second largest type of soil in Huancui District, accounting for 13.2% of the total soil area, accounting for 20%