Xingning City, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province

Xingning, Xingning, Guangdong province governs county-level cities, is located in the northeast of Guangdong Province, located in the upper reaches of the East River and Hanjiang River, is located in the Xingning basin of the largest basin in eastern Guangdong, Meixian District in Meizhou City, Fengshun County in the south, Wuhua County in the west, Wuhua County in the west, North County in the border county, and the county in the province, with a total area of 2104.85 square kilometers, with 17 towns and 3 streets under the jurisdiction, and the registered residence population is 11 in 2017. 88900. As the land transportation hub of Guangdong, Jiangxi and Fujian, Changshen Expressway (Meihe Expressway), Shankun Expressway (xingshe Expressway), Jinan Guangzhou expressway, Guangmeishan railway and fuyingshan railway run through the territory. In 2011, it was recognized as the "Central Soviet area county" by the Party History Research Office of the CPC Central Committee; in 2012, it was listed as the pilot county (city) of financial reform under the direct management of Guangdong Province.

Xingning county was founded in the sixth year of Xianhe (331) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It was divided and established by gulongchuan. The county is widely across the ancient Xingning River (today's Wuhua River), youbie River (today's Qinjiang River) and Zuobei River (today's Ningjiang River), including the whole territory of today's Xingning and Wuhua counties, the east of Longchuan County and the northeast of Zijin County. The name of the county is derived from Ningjiang river. In 1019, Qichang county was established in Xingning. During the period of the Southern Han Dynasty, it was the capital of Qichang, second only to the xingwangfu of Guangzhou. Changle County was set up in 1071, the fourth year of Xining in Song Dynasty, which was governed by the prefecture. Since then, the county has been relatively stable. The Ming Dynasty belongs to Huizhou Prefecture.

Xingning's industry, commerce and transportation industry have always been relatively developed. The county seat was once known as "little Nanjing", while there is a saying in other places that "no prosperity, no city". In 2017, the city's GDP reached 17.758 billion yuan, an increase of 5.8% over the previous year. More than 500000 overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan live in more than 40 countries and regions on five continents. Most of them are in Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Indonesia and Vietnam. A certain proportion of overseas Chinese live in Europe, the United States and Australia. They are known as the hometown of culture, overseas Chinese, football, textile, commerce, lantern and print.

Historical evolution

Xingning county was established in the sixth year of Xianhe (331 A.D.) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It was divided by gulongchuan. The county covers the ancient Xingning River (today's Wuhua River), youbie River (today's wuhuaqin River) and Zuobei River (today's Ningjiang River), including the whole territory of Xingning and Wuhua counties, the east of Longchuan County and the northeast of Zijin County. The name of the county is derived from Xingning river. The county is located in LeiCheng Town, Wuhua County Gongdun.

In the first year of Qi Yongming (483 AD), there were two counties, Xingning and Qichang. Qichang county is under the jurisdiction of Xingning. The county government is located in the former site of ancient Ningchang Township, which is hongtangping (also known as fenglinping) 1 km north of the city. In the second year of Liang Tianjian (A.D. 503), Qichang was merged into Xingning, and the county government moved to Tuocheng (gulongchuan city).

In the fifth year of Wude of Tang Dynasty (622 A.D.), Xingning was restored to Qichang county. In the first year of Zhenguan (627 AD), Qichang county was removed and ningchangyi was set up, which was subordinate to Xingning county. In the second year of Tianshu reign (AD 691), the governance of Xingning county was moved from Tuocheng to the foot of Tianyang mountain in Longchuan County.

In the first year of qianheng (917) of the Southern Han Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, Xingning county was analyzed, and Qichang Prefecture was set up in the former Qichang county. Xingning county belongs to it.

In the fourth year of song Tianbao (971), Qi Changfu was demoted as a county. In the third year of Tianxi (1019), Qichang county was abolished and merged into Xingning county. In the fourth year of Xining (1071), Changle County (now Wuhua County) was set up in the southwest of Xingning, and the governance of Xingning county was moved from leigongdun to hongtangping. Since then, Xingning county has been relatively stable.

In 1369, the government of Xingning County moved from hongtangping to Xingcheng.

In November 1958, Pingyuan county was merged into Xingning. In January 1961, Xingfen and pingfen counties were established.

On June 8, 1994, Xingning was set up as a county-level city instead of a county-level city, which was managed by Meizhou city.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 1996, it covers an area of 2104.9 square kilometers and has a population of about 1078000. It has jurisdiction over 28 towns: Xingcheng Town, Ningzhong Town, Ningxin Town, ningtang Town, Longtian Town, Lipi Town, nipi Town, Yetang Town, Xinpi Town, diaofang Town, Longbei Town, Heshui Town, Shima Town, Luogang Town, Luofu Town, Huangpi Town, Huanghuai Town, Gangbei Town, Pingyang Town, Daping Town, Yenan Town, Yonghe Town, Jingnan Town, Jingxin Town, Xinwei Town, Shuikou Town, Xiabao town and Songsheng town . The municipal government is stationed in Xingcheng town.

In 2002, Xingning City governed 28 towns including Xingcheng, Longtian, Heshui, Gangbei, Longbei, Huangpi, Huanghuai, ningtang, Shima, Jingxin, Yonghe, Ningxin, Lipi, nipi, Xinwei, Shuikou, diaofang, Xinpi, Yetang, Daping, Luogang, Luofu, Ningzhong, Jingnan, Xiabao, Ningsheng, Yenan, Pingyang, with 470 village committees and 58 neighborhood committees.

Zoning details

As of 2018, Xingning City has 3 streets, 17 towns and 452 Village (neighborhood) committees. The government is located in Xingtian street.

geographical environment

Location context

Xingning City is located in the east of Guangdong Province, the upstream of Dongjiang River and Hanjiang River. It spans 115 ° 30 ′ e to 116 ° N and 23 ° 50 ′ n to 24 ° 37 ′ n. It is adjacent to Xunwu County in Jiangxi Province in the north, Pingyuan county and Meixian District in Meizhou City in the northeast, Meixian District in Meizhou City in the East, Fengshun County and Meixian District in Meizhou City in the south, Longchuan County in the northwest and Wuhua County in Meizhou City in the southwest. The total area of the city is 2104.85 square kilometers. Xingtian sub district office, the seat of Xingning municipal Party committee and government, is located in the middle of Xingning basin with an area of about 400 square kilometers. It is the land transportation hub of Guangdong, Jiangxi and Fujian provinces, an important commodity distribution center in Northeast Guangdong, a sub central city of Meizhou, and a political, economic and cultural center of Xingning. The urban built-up area is 30.5 square kilometers. Xingcheng is 377km away from Guangzhou, 185km to Shantou, 347km to Shenzhen, 128km to Xunwu, 282km to Longyan, 57km to Meizhou.

topographic features

Xingning is located in the hilly area of northeast Guangdong, controlled by the northeast to southwest Lianhua Mountain and Luofu Mountain. The highest peak, yangtianzhang, is 1017 meters above sea level, and the lowest peak, shuikouxu Town, is 100 meters above sea level, with a height difference of 917 meters. The general trend of topography is gradually decreasing from northwest to Southeast, and from south to North in the south. It is long and narrow from north to south, with yangtianzhang in the north and tieniugufeng (998m above sea level) in the south, with a straight-line distance of 100km; at the widest point from east to west, the straight-line distance from jingxinfenshuiao (400m above sea level) to yenanjunzhuao (300m above sea level) is 36km. The territory is surrounded by mountains, and the central part is a faulted basin of more than 300 square kilometers. The whole city (county) is shaped like a boat.

There are five types of landform in Xingning: plain, terrace, platform, hill and mountain. Among them, plains, terraces and platforms below 200 meters above sea level account for 38.1% of the total area; hills from 200 meters to 400 meters above sea level account for 49.69%; and mountains above 400 meters above sea level account for 12.21%.

climate

Xingning is a transitional climate between South Asia and middle subtropics, with an annual average temperature of 20.4 ℃. The annual average temperature of the city is 21 ℃ and the precipitation is 1540 mm. The hottest month is July with an average temperature of 28.5 ℃ and the extreme maximum temperature of 38.3 ℃; the coldest month is January with an average temperature of 11.4 ℃ and the extreme minimum temperature of - 2.7 to - 6.4 ℃. The average annual rainfall is 1 540.3 mm. Summer rainfall is the most, accounting for 41.5% of the annual rainfall. The annual average sunshine hours is 2009.8 hours. The wind direction is relatively stable, the frequency of northwest wind is the highest, followed by southeast wind. The natural environment is superior, the frost free period is long, and the light is sufficient. It is suitable for farming and animal husbandry in four seasons. It has favorable climatic conditions for the development of agriculture, forestry, fruit, animal husbandry, fishery and other industries.

hydrology

Luofu town in the north of Xingning belongs to the Dongjiang River Basin, and all rivers in the town flow into the Dutian River in the upper reaches of the Dongjiang River. The remaining 19 towns (streets) belong to the Hanjiang River Basin, with 46 rivers flowing into Meijiang River in the upper reaches of Hanjiang River. Ningjiang River (formerly known as zuobeixi) runs through the north and south of Xingning. It is the largest tributary of Meijiang river. It starts from Hefeng she in Xunwu County of Jiangxi Province in the north and ends at shuikouwei confluence Meijiang River in the south, with a total length of 107 km. The main channel from Heshui to Shuikou is 57.5 km long. Along the way, it receives 32 mountain streams, with a drainage area of 1364.75 square kilometers, accounting for 65% of the total area of the city.

natural resources

land resource

Of the 3.15 million mu of land in the city, 73% are suitable for reclamation with slopes below 25 degrees.

water resource

Xingning is located in the north slope of Lianhua Mountain, which is leeward zone with relatively less rainfall. According to the hydrological observation data, the annual average water production of each basin in the territory is 3.193 billion cubic meters, the annual evaporation is 1.585 billion cubic meters, the annual average runoff is 1.348 billion cubic meters, the annual runoff in wet season is 1.981 billion cubic meters, the annual runoff in dry season is 796 million cubic meters, the average water production is 648000 cubic meters per square kilometer, and the average runoff per mu is 432 cubic meters, which is equivalent to the water production per square kilometer in Meizhou 80.4% of 806000 cubic meters of water.

Biological resources

There are more than 100 kinds of animals in Xingning, including animals, birds, reptiles, molluscs, fish and insects. There are more than 600 kinds of plant resources, including: (1) 206 kinds of trees and shrubs; (2) 157 kinds of main Chinese herbal medicines, and 300 kinds of wild Chinese herbal medicines; (3) crops; (4) flowers; (5) others.

In 2010, it was listed as a national ecological development zone, and in 2012, it was rated as "forestry ecological county of Guangdong Province". The city's forestry land area is 2.029 million mu, and the forest land area is 1.88 million mu