Chao opera

The name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Chaozhou Opera

Applicant: Shantou City, Guangdong Province

Item No.: 148

Project No.: Ⅳ - 4

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Guangdong Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Shantou City, Guangdong Province

Protection unit: Shantou Chaozhou Opera Research and inheritance Center (Guangdong Chaozhou theater)

Introduction to Chaozhou Opera:

Applicant: Shantou City, Guangdong Province

Chaozhou Opera, also known as Chaozhou Opera and Chaoyin opera, is an ancient local opera performed in Chaozhou Dialect. It is a branch of southern opera in song and Yuan Dynasties. It has a history of more than 430 years, mainly distributed in eastern Guangdong, Southern Fujian, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Southeast Asia.

The traditional repertoire of Chaozhou Opera can be divided into two categories: southern opera of song and Yuan Dynasties, legend of Ming and Qing Dynasties, civilized opera and new historical opera, with more than 2000 repertoires. Traditional operas occupy an important position in Chaochao opera, such as Li Jing Ji, Su Liu Niang, Liu Mingzhu and other excellent repertoire; traditional drama "sweep window", "Yang Ling Po ten arguments", "hairpin" gathered the essence of traditional Chao opera, known as "three gem in the tide of flowers".

From the perspective of performance, the roles of Chaozhou Opera include Sheng, Dan and Chou. The Shengdan opera "sweeping the window" is known as a typical representative of Chinese opera in which stories are performed by singing and dancing. There are ten types of clowns in Chaozhou Opera, among which Xiang Shanchou's fan skill is well-known in the world. In the old clown's chaifanghui, the clown's sliding ladder skill is unique to Chaozhou Opera and enjoys a high reputation in the field of opera. Chaozhou Opera music belongs to the combination of Qupai, singing north and South songs with beautiful tune, light and graceful, good at Lyric. After the middle of Qing Dynasty, it absorbed banqiang music and appeared flexible. There are more than 200 pieces of traditional tunes and more than 1000 pieces of music in Chaozhou Opera, which are important materials for studying the tune of Chinese opera. Chaozhou Opera is sung with real voice and recited with the ancient music "Er Si Pu", which is full of charm. Its tunes include graceful and soft light three and six tunes, plain and solemn heavy three and six tunes, sad and sorrowful living three and five tunes, and relaxed and humorous anti line tunes. The percussion instruments of Chaozhou Opera all have fixed tones, accompanied by the beauty of Polyphony and harmony, which has been imitated by many brothers since 1950.

Chaozhou Opera is a vivid example of the survival of ancient Chinese operas on the stage. It is one of the representatives of the excellent cultural forms of the Chinese nation. It has profound historical significance and high aesthetic value. After 1990, due to the restriction of market economy and the impact of various forms of modern literature and art, the investment of Chaozhou Opera has been reduced, the brain drain, the artistic level has declined, and the excellent traditional performing art is on the verge of extinction. It is in a difficult situation of development, which needs to be protected and supported urgently.