Guozhuang dance (Changdu Guozhuang dance)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Guozhuang dance (Changdu Guozhuang dance)

Applicant: Tibet Autonomous Region

Item No.: 123

Project No.: Ⅲ - 20

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional dance

Region: Tibet Autonomous Region

Type: new item

Applicant: Tibet Autonomous Region

Protection unit: Cultural Bureau of karuo District, Changdu City, Tibet Autonomous Region

Introduction to Guozhuang dance (Changdu Guozhuang dance)

Applicant: Tibet Autonomous Region

Guozhuang dance, also known as "Guozhuo", "Gezhuang" and "Zhuo", is one of the three major Tibetan folk dances. It is distributed in Changdu and Naqu of Tibet, ABA and Ganzi of Sichuan, Diqing of Yunnan and Tibetan inhabited areas of Qinghai and Gansu. Guozhuang can be divided into "big Guozhuang" for large-scale religious sacrificial activities, "middle Guozhuang" for traditional folk festivals and "small Guozhuang" for family and friends gathering, with different scales and functions. There are also areas divided into "mass Guozhuang" and "Lama Guozhuang", town Guozhuang and agricultural and pastoral Guozhuang. During the dance, men and women usually hold hands in a semicircle in a circle, with one person leading the way and one man and one woman answering questions and answering questions. They sing to each other repeatedly without musical instrument accompaniment. The whole dance is composed of two parts, which are slow first and fast later. The basic movements are "shaking and crossing legs", "rolling and turning" and "squatting and crossing legs". The dancer's arm mainly changes the dance posture by lifting, swinging and shaking. The formation moves clockwise. The circle is big and small, and occasionally changes the "dragon tail" pattern.

Changdu county is located at the intersection of Sichuan, Tibet and Yunnan provinces in the east of Tibet Autonomous Region. It is the center of Kangba culture and the birthplace of the famous "Guozhuang". According to the lyrics and folklore of Guozhuang in Changdu County, Changdu Guozhuang existed as early as the Tubo Period.

In Tibet, Changdu Guozhuang is widely spread. At the time of festivals, celebrations and weddings, men and women gather in the square and courtyard to form a circle and sing and dance clockwise. Men wear baggy trousers, women take off their right arm robes and sleeves behind them, men and women stand on one side, holding hands in circles, singing in groups. Usually, the male takes the lead in singing, and the female follows. The singing is loud and penetrating. The dancers walk around the circle with the song "shaking hands and shaking steps". When the lyrics came to an end, they all called out "ah" (onomatopoeia) together. They immediately speeded up, spread their arms, twisted their waists, jumped up, waved their sleeves, sang and danced, ran and jumped. The male's movement range is very large, stretching his arms like an eagle circling, while the female's movement range is small, and the step and turn is like a phoenix flapping its wings, showing the characteristics of body-building, lively and lively. Highland barley wine and hada are usually placed in the center of the dance circle. After the dance, the elder or the organizer will offer the wine and hada, and the brotherhood and sisterhood will be sublimated. Changdu Guozhuang can be divided into three categories: Rural Guozhuang (including towns), pastoral Guozhuang and temple Guozhuang. The movements can be divided into two categories: one is slow and graceful; the other is fast and vigorous. The actions of Changdu Guozhuang mostly simulate the animal form, such as "tiger down the mountain", "Eagle circling", "peacock opening screen", "wild animals playing", etc. Its Performance focuses on the emotional change and performance of posture. The rhythm of Changdu Guozhuang changes three times during the performance. In the foreword dance, as long as the dancers stand in their own position and step slowly alternately, the pace is very light and the strength is not strong. After the foreword dance, they gradually enter the adagio dance, and finally enter the Allegro dance stage, which can best reflect the rough and unrestrained characteristics of Zhuo dance. At this time, the dancers' emotions reach the climax and the scene is extremely warm.

Changdu Guozhuang art fully shows the Tibetan people's national characteristics of loving life, labor and enthusiasm, showing a kind of beauty of strength and national pride. In 2001, Changdu county was named "the hometown of Guozhuang art" by the people's Government of Tibet Autonomous Region.