Gongs and drums Art (Yunsheng gongs and drums)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: gongs and drums Art (Yunsheng gongs and drums)

Applicant: Yuanping City, Shanxi Province

Project No.: 622

Project No.: Ⅱ - 123

Time of publication: 2011 (the third batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Shanxi Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Yuanping City, Shanxi Province

Protection unit: Yuanping Yunsheng gongs and drums Art Society

Introduction to gongs and drums Art (Yunsheng gongs and drums)

Applicant: Yuanping City, Shanxi Province

Yungang big gongs and drums, also known as "Yunsheng gongs and drums", also known as "gongs and drums in North Shanxi", mainly spread in North Shanxi, among which Yongxing Village in Yuanping City is the most famous. In cave 16 of Yungang Grottoes, there is a gong and drum band with small cymbals. This shows that small cymbals were popular among the people in the Northern Wei Dynasty. At that time, there were frequent wars in the northern Shanxi Plateau, and the music was often used to welcome the return of soldiers; after the war, it was mainly used for folk festivals. By the time of the Republic of China, this kind of folk art had declined. After the reform and opening up, the inheritors Xing Mingxuan and Zhang Linyu have made great efforts in recording and inheriting. They often lead teams to perform at home and abroad and have won high reputation. In 1997, after listening to the music, musician Lu Ji said, "its performance can be called" Chinese gongs and drums Symphony ". We must preserve its repertoire and sound." The music is rich in repertoire, there are 133 pieces, and has 37 unique command methods.

It is different from other drums used in our country in the way of playing drums: when the repertoire reaches "grade three and grade two" or above, the performer does not use a drum stick, but only uses his fingers to beat the drum. All kinds of musical instruments have the unique skill of "mandarin duck" playing method (that is, the playing method of men and women fighting together). According to the old artists, "the performance of gongs and drums in the north of Shanxi Province is that the drum is the king, symbolizing the skeleton; the cymbal is the queen, and the Gong is the tongue. The two closely cooperate, playing the role of muscle and blood; the cymbal is the skin and flesh, and the set of gongs is the embellishment, playing the auxiliary role; the wooden fish is the symbol of the eyebrows; and the whip is the soul, so it is a complete person."

In recent years, due to the old age of the old artists, the scattered information of gongs and drums among the people and the lack of funds for protection, it has gradually declined and is on the verge of being lost. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the rescue and protection.