Carrying number (Longgupo carrying number)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: carrying song

Applicant: Wushan County, Chongqing

Project No.: 600

Project No.: Ⅱ - 101

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: Traditional Music

Region: Chongqing

Type: new item

Applicant: Wushan County, Chongqing

Protection unit: Wushan County Cultural Center (Wushan County Art Troupe)

Brief introduction to the carrying number (Longgupo lifting number)

Applicant: Wushan County, Chongqing

Carrying songs is a form of folk songs formed in the heavy physical labor such as manual loading and unloading, lifting, pushing and pulling goods. In the collective transportation work, it can play the role of unifying the pace, regulating the breathing and inspiring the mood. Most of the moving songs have no fixed lyrics, and they often lead the crowd or overlap to form a multi voice singing form.

Longgupo labor chant, also known as "Gang chant", is a kind of ballad sung by workers in Wushan County of Chongqing. It originated in Miaoyu town of Wushan County and has a history of more than 1000 years.

Longgupo work chant is usually sung by several or dozens of strong young men. According to the music speed, it can be divided into two categories: fast leg chant and slow leg chant. When the road is flat, wide and good, fast legged chants are used. The chants are rich in content, funny and humorous, and the tunes are cheerful and high pitched. The representative songs are pecking chants and picking tea upside down. When the mountain road is rugged and steep, slow legged chants are used. This kind of chants are flexible and have no fixed lyrics. Questions and answers are often used to report the situation on the way. The representative songs are yo ho Haozi, baohaozi, etc. Only those with good personal skills, high prestige and long seniority can get this position. They can command the team, coordinate the pace and control the speed by leading the singing.

Longgupo work chant is primitive and simple, with regular rhythm, symmetrical lead and steady speed. Only the lead singer changes a little at the beginning of each sentence, and uses the same melody with words. Generally, when it ends, it stretches the rhythm and stops suddenly, indicating that one paragraph is finished and another paragraph is started or a rest is announced. Because of the group cooperation, the singing atmosphere is warm, the voice is loud, the rhyme is up, it is meaningful and endurable. Longgupo's work chant is mainly inherited by the master and apprentice.

Longgupo work chant contains Wushan people's unique spiritual outlook and way of thinking. It is not only the witness of history, but also the reflection of reality. It has the research value of folklore, psychology, ethnomusicology and so on. With the emergence of modern production tools, especially large-scale transport machinery, the original heavy lifting transport mode is decreasing day by day, the lifting workers lost their living environment, and fell into a critical situation, which is in urgent need of protection and rescue.