Uygur residential building technology (Ayi wangsailai residential building technology)

The name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Uygur residential building technology (Ayi wangsailai residential building technology)

Applicant: Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Project No.: 1192

Project No.: VIII - 212

Time of publication: 2011 (the third batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Type: new item

Applicant: Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Protected by: Hotan Cultural Center

Introduction to Uygur residential building technology (Ayi wangsailai residential building technology)

Applicant: Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Uighur ayiwangsailai dwellings are mainly distributed in the towns and villages along the desert edge of Tarim Basin, especially in Yutian, Moyu, Minfeng, Pishan, Hetian, Shache, Kashi and other places along the southern desert edge of Tarim Basin.

Ayiwang sailai is a typical residential building form of Hetian Uygur nationality. "Ayiwang" refers to the square building protruding from the middle of the roof, which means bright and airy; "sailai" refers to the living room or the place for entertaining guests in this kind of building, and the whole building is called "Ayiwang sailai".

The space in Ayiwang is generally divided into two parts: the open courtyard space and the closed bedroom space. Ayiwang is a closed, inner court layout. The living space is composed of guest rooms, dining rooms, back rooms, storage rooms, shower rooms and other small rooms. The front of the room facing the courtyard is mostly equipped with veranda, and the bottom veranda is mostly equipped with solid Kang which can not be heated, namely "bundle cover", for outdoor sitting up. Ayiwangsailai has no clear central axis, the plane layout is also very flexible, the courtyard and building area are not fixed, which can be large or small, depending on the population and economic conditions.

In the aspect of architectural decoration, Hetian Ayiwang mostly uses the method of virtual and real contrast, focusing on decoration. The eaves color painting, mosaic brick, wood carving and window edge decoration are mostly flowers and plants or geometric figures. Its decoration is mainly in the porch columns, the side windows of Ayiwang and other parts, mainly in the form of wood carving, with exquisite carving.

Uygur ayiwangsailai residential building construction skills are mainly handed down by teachers, and the practitioners are all male. There is no written record, and they are handed down from generation to generation by oral and psychological methods. With the promotion and popularization of modern residential building forms, the number of experienced folk craftsmen is decreasing, and the traditional ayiwangsailai residential building technology is in danger.